Field-induced phase coexistence in an artificial spin ice

Sklenar, Joseph; Lao, Yuyang; Albrecht, Alan; Watts, Justin D.; Nisoli, Cristiano; Chern, Gia-Wei; Schiffer, Peter

doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0348-9

Title: Field-induced phase coexistence in an artificial spin ice

Journal Article · Mon Dec 03 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Nature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0348-9· OSTI ID:1570636

^[1]; Lao, Yuyang ^[1]; Albrecht, Alan ^[2]; Watts, Justin D. ^[2];

^[3]; Chern, Gia-Wei ^[4]; Schiffer, Peter ^[5]

Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL (United States)
Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL (United States); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)

Artificial spin-ice systems are magnetic metamaterials consisting of nanomagnet arrays that can be designed to study exotic magnetic states not found in natural materials. Typically, these arrays are modelled as interacting binary macrospins that can only be in an up or down state and are described by the Ising model. These materials have demonstrated ordering transitions, but only via a spontaneous symmetry-breaking mechanism. In this study, we have designed and studied a quadrupole artificial spin-ice system consisting of interacting plaquettes of coupled single-domain nanomagnets that can be interpreted as a composite, ternary variable. After annealing this system in an external magnetic field, we observe both a ferroquadrupolar and an antiferroquadrupolar phase, with an apparent first-order phase boundary and a coexistence regime. The phase diagram of this material is reminiscent of a model used to describe phase coexistence in the superfluid transition of ⁴He with ³He impurities. Finally, these results illustrate how composite magnetic objects realize exotic statistical physics models beyond the Ising model.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC52-06NA25396; SC0010778

OSTI ID:: 1570636

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1594856

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-18-29639

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 2; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 42 works

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Advances in artificial spin ice Skjærvø, Sandra H.; Marrows, Christopher H.; Stamps, Robert L. Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-019-0118-3	journal	November 2019
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Understanding thermal annealing of artificial spin ice Zhang, Xiaoyu; Lao, Yuyang; Sklenar, Joseph APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5126713	journal	November 2019
Magnetization dynamics in artificial spin ice Lendinez, S.; Jungfleisch, M. B. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ab3e78	journal	October 2019
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Understanding Thermal Annealing of Artificial Spin Ice Zhang, Xiaoyu; Lao, Yuyang; Sklenar, Joseph arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.14158	text	January 2019

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