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Efficient Distributed Optimization of Wind Farms Using Proximal Primal-Dual Algorithms

Conference ·
OSTI ID:1569437
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [1]
  1. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
  2. University of Colorado
  3. University of Minnesota
+ Show Author Affiliations
This paper presents a distributed approach to performing real-time optimization of large wind farms. Wind turbines in a wind farm typically operate individually to maximize their own performance regardless of the impact of aerodynamic interactions on neighboring turbines. This paper optimizes the overall power produced by a wind farm by formulating and solving a nonconvex optimization problem where the yaw angles are optimized to allow some turbines to operate in misaligned conditions and shape the aerodynamic interactions in a favorable way. The solution of the nonconvex smooth problem is tackled using a proximal primal-dual gradient method, which provably identifies a first-order stationary solution in a global sublinear manner. By adding auxiliary optimization variables for every pair of turbines that are coupled aerodynamically, and properly adding consensus constraints into the underlying problem, a distributed algorithm with turbine-to-turbine message passing is obtained; this allows for turbines to be optimized in parallel using local information rather than information from the whole wind farm. This algorithm is computationally light, as it involves closed-form updates. This approach is demonstrated on a large wind farm with 60 turbines. The results indicate that similar performance can be achieved as with finite-difference gradient-based optimization at a fraction of the computational time and thus approaching real-time control/optimization.
Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Wind and Water Technologies Office (EE-4W)
DOE Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1569437
Report Number(s):
NREL/CP-5000-75051
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

17 WIND ENERGY
distributed optimization
optimization
performance
wind energy
wind farm control