Uncovering Magic Isotopes with the Power of HPC

Journal Article · Tue Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Computing in Science and Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2018.042781333· OSTI ID:1567490

Harken, Rachel ^[1]

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1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Where do elements come from? How does the strong force bind subatomic particles into nuclei? What can scientists understand from nuclei with unusual proton–neutron ratios? Nuclear physicists at the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are seeking answers to such questions with the help of powerful supercomputers. The element tin is of particular interest to ORNL. In 2010, ORNL researchers discovered that the nucleus of a tin isotope, tin-132, was doubly “magic.” Isotopes are deemed magic when they have nucleons (positively charged proton particles or neutrally charged neutron particles) that complete a shell within the nucleus, making the magic isotopes much more strongly bound than those that are not magic. Isotopes with 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, or 126 neutrons or protons are considered magic. A doubly magic isotope has two of these special numbers—one that describes its number of protons and one that describes its number of neutrons. Tin-132, for example, has 50 protons and 82 neutrons. The discovery of new magic isotopes can significantly affect the chart of nuclides, a table that orders the radioactive behaviors of isotopes. Because magic isotopes are more strongly bound, their structure impacts entire regions of the chart of nuclides and the limit of how many nuclei can exist.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF); UT-Battelle LLC/ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN (Unted States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725
• OSTI ID: 1567490
• Journal Information: Computing in Science and Engineering, Journal Name: Computing in Science and Engineering Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 20; ISSN 1521-9615
• Publisher: IEEE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
Computer Science