Spallation-induced roughness promoting high spatial frequency nanostructure formation on Cr

Abou-Saleh, A.; Karim, E. T.; Maurice, C.; Reynaud, S.; Pigeon, F.; Garrelie, F.; Zhigilei, L. V.; Colombier, J. P.

doi:10.1007/s00339-018-1716-0

Title: Spallation-induced roughness promoting high spatial frequency nanostructure formation on Cr

Journal Article · Wed Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Applied Physics. A, Materials Science and Processing

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-018-1716-0· OSTI ID:1565638

; Karim, E. T.; Maurice, C.; Reynaud, S.; Pigeon, F.; Garrelie, F.; Zhigilei, L. V.; Colombier, J. P.

Interaction of ultrafast laser pulses with metal surfaces in the spallation regime can result in the formation of anisotropic nanoscale surface morphology commonly referred to as laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) or ripples. The surface structures generated by a single pulse irradiation of monocrystalline Cr samples are investigated experimentally and computationally for laser fluences that produce high spatial frequency nanostructures in the multi-pulse irradiation regime. Electron microscopy reveals distinct response of samples with different crystallographic surface orientations, with (100) surfaces exhibiting the formation of more refined nanostructure by a single pulse irradiation and a more pronounced LIPSS after two laser pulses as compared to (110) surfaces. A large-scale molecular dynamics simulation of laser interaction with a (100) Cr target provides detailed information on processes responsible for spallation of a liquid layer, redistribution of molten material, and rapid resolidification of the target. The nanoscale roughness of the resolidified surface predicted in the simulation features elongated frozen nanospikes, nanorims and nanocavities with dimensions and surface density similar to those in the surface morphology observed for (100) Cr target with atomic force microscopy. The results of the simulation suggest that the types, sizes and dimensions of the nanoscale surface features are defined by the competition between the evolution of transient liquid structures generated in the spallation process and the rapid resolidification of the surface region of the target. The spallation-induced roughness is likely to play a key role in triggering the generation of high-frequency LIPSS upon irradiation by multiple laser pulses.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI ID:: 1565638

Journal Information:: Applied Physics. A, Materials Science and Processing, Vol. 124, Issue 4; ISSN 0947-8396

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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