Anthropogenic sulfate aerosol and the southward shift of tropical precipitation in the late 20th century

Hwang, Yen-Ting; Frierson, Dargan M.  W.; Kang, Sarah M.

doi:10.1002/grl.50502

Anthropogenic sulfate aerosol and the southward shift of tropical precipitation in the late 20th century

Journal Article · Wed Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2013 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50502· OSTI ID:1564931

Hwang, Yen-Ting ^[1]; Frierson, Dargan M. W. ^[1]; Kang, Sarah M. ^[2]

Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of)

In this paper, we demonstrate a global scale southward shift of the tropical rain belt during the latter half of the 20th century in observations and global climate models (GCMs). In rain gauge data, the southward shift maximizes in the 1980s and is associated with signals in Africa, Asia, and South America. A southward shift exists at a similar time in nearly all CMIP3 and CMIP5 historical simulations, and occurs on both land and ocean, although in most models the shifts are significantly less than in observations. Utilizing a theoretical framework based on atmospheric energetics, we perform an attribution of the zonal mean southward shift of precipitation across a large suite of CMIP3 and CMIP5 GCMs. Our results suggest that anthropogenic aerosol cooling of the Northern Hemisphere is the primary cause of the consistent southward shift across GCMs, although other processes affecting the atmospheric energy budget also contribute to the model-to-model spread.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI ID:: 1564931

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 40; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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