Ti‐Gradient Doping to Stabilize Layered Surface Structure for High Performance High‐Ni Oxide Cathode of Li‐Ion Battery

Kong, Defei; Hu, Jiangtao; Chen, Zhefeng; Song, Kepeng; Li, Cheng; Weng, Mouyi; Li, Maofan; Wang, Rui; Liu, Tongchao; Liu, Jiajie; Zhang, Mingjian; Xiao, Yinguo; Pan, Feng

doi:10.1002/aenm.201901756

Title: Ti‐Gradient Doping to Stabilize Layered Surface Structure for High Performance High‐Ni Oxide Cathode of Li‐Ion Battery

Journal Article · Mon Sep 23 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901756· OSTI ID:1564503

Kong, Defei ^[1]; Hu, Jiangtao ^[1]; Chen, Zhefeng ^[1]; Song, Kepeng ^[2]; Li, Cheng ^[3]; Weng, Mouyi ^[1]; Li, Maofan ^[1]; Wang, Rui ^[1]; Liu, Tongchao ^[1]; Liu, Jiajie ^[1]; Zhang, Mingjian ^[4]; Xiao, Yinguo ^[1];

^[1]

School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
Jülich Centre for Neutron Science Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Outstation at Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Oak Ridge TN 37831‐6473 USA
School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China, Sustainable Energy Technologies Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA

Abstract High‐Ni layered oxide cathodes are considered to be one of the most promising cathodes for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries due to their high capacity and low cost. However, surfice residues, such as NiO‐type rock‐salt phase and Li ₂ CO ₃ , are often formed at the particle surface due to the high reactivity of Ni ³⁺ , and inevitably result in an inferior electrochemical performance, hindering the practical application. Herein, unprecedentedly clean surfaces without any surfice residues are obtained in a representative LiNi _0.8 Co _0.2 O ₂ cathode by Ti‐gradient doping. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the particle surface is composed of a disordered layered phase (≈6 nm in thickness) with the same rhombohedra structure as its interior. The formation of this disordered layered phase at the particle surface is electrochemically favored. It leads to the highest rate capacity ever reported and a superior cycling stability. First‐principles calculations further confirm that the excellent electrochemical performance has roots in the excellent chemical/structural stability of such a disordered layered structure, mainly arising from the improved robustness of the oxygen framework by Ti doping. This strategy of constructing the disordered layered phase at the particle surface could be extended to other high‐Ni layered transition metal oxides, which will contribute to the enhancement of their electrochemical performance.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1564503

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Vol. 9 Journal Issue: 41; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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Cited by: 140 works

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