Liquid ammonia chemical lithiation: an approach for high energy and high voltage Si-graphite | Li1+xNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Li-ion batteries

Dose, Wesley M.; Blauwkamp, James; Piernas-Muñoz, María José; Bloom, Ira; Rui, Xue; Klie, Robert F.; Senguttuvan, Premkumar; Johnson, Christopher S.

doi:10.1021/acsaem.9b00695

Title: Liquid ammonia chemical lithiation: an approach for high energy and high voltage Si-graphite | Li_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ Li-ion batteries

Journal Article · Fri Jun 21 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · ACS Applied Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00695· OSTI ID:1562664

^[1]; Blauwkamp, James ^[1]; Piernas-Muñoz, María José ^[1]; Bloom, Ira ^[1]; Rui, Xue ^[2]; Klie, Robert F. ^[2]; Senguttuvan, Premkumar ^[1];

^[1]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)

Chemical lithiation using lithium metal dissolved in liquid ammonia is introduced for the first time as a viable, potentially scalable method to over-lithiate cathode materials, in this case, the 5V spinel Li_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄. In this formula the value of x represents the amount of extra lithium inserted into the spinel. Such over-lithiated cathodes can subsequently be used to pre-lithiate high-energy anodes in a lithium-ion battery configuration during the first charge step. Lithiated 5V spinel Li_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode materials prepared by this technique show higher first delithiation capacities, confirming the chemically inserted lithium is electrochemically active. Full cells with a Si-graphite anode and the Li_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (x=0.62) cathode show a 23 % higher reversible capacity in the first cycle than LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ baseline cells, and improved capacity retention. The extra, chemically inserted lithium therefore sacrificially compensates for the loss of lithium at the anode allowing higher utilization of the cathode capacity in following cycles.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1562664

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 7; ISSN 2574-0962

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 25 works

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Title: Liquid ammonia chemical lithiation: an approach for high energy and high voltage Si-graphite | Li1+xNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Li-ion batteries

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Title: Liquid ammonia chemical lithiation: an approach for high energy and high voltage Si-graphite | Li_1+xNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ Li-ion batteries