Skip to main content
OSTI.GOVU.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
 

A Review of the Role of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and Associated Climate Impacts

Journal Article · · Reviews of Geophysics (1985)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019rg000644· OSTI ID:1560164
 [1];  [2];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [3];  [6];  [7]
  1. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Princeton, NJ (United States)
  2. Univ. of Reading, Reading (United Kingdom)
  3. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States)
  4. Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., Woods Hole, MA (United States)
  5. Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)
  6. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
  7. Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., Lexington, MA (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
By synthesizing recent studies employing a wide range of approaches (modern observations, paleo reconstructions, and climate model simulations), this paper provides a comprehensive review of the linkage between multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) variability and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) and associated climate impacts. There is strong observational and modeling evidence that multidecadal AMOC variability is a crucial driver of the observed AMV and associated climate impacts and an important source of enhanced decadal predictability and prediction skill. The AMOC-AMV linkage is consistent with observed key elements of AMV. Furthermore, this synthesis also points to a leading role of the AMOC in a range of AMV-related climate phenomena having enormous societal and economic implications, for example, Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts; Sahel and Indian monsoons; Atlantic hurricanes; El Niño–Southern Oscillation; Pacific Decadal Variability; North Atlantic Oscillation; climate over Europe, North America, and Asia; Arctic sea ice and surface air temperature; and hemispheric-scale surface temperature. Paleoclimate evidence indicates that a similar linkage between multidecadal AMOC variability and AMV and many associated climate impacts may also have existed in the preindustrial era, that AMV has enhanced multidecadal power significantly above a red noise background, and that AMV is not primarily driven by external forcing. The role of the AMOC in AMV and associated climate impacts has been underestimated in most state-of-the-art climate models, posing significant challenges but also great opportunities for substantial future improvements in understanding and predicting AMV and associated climate impacts.
Research Organization:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., Woods Hole, MA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0019492
OSTI ID:
1560164
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1560171
OSTI ID: 1613250
Journal Information:
Reviews of Geophysics (1985), Journal Name: Reviews of Geophysics (1985) Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 57; ISSN 8755-1209
Publisher:
American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (469)

A signal of persistent Atlantic multidecadal variability in Arctic sea ice: MULTIDECADAL VARIABILITY IN SEA ICE journal January 2014
Mechanisms of southern Caribbean SST variability over the last two millennia: ATLANTIC SSTs OVER THE LAST 2000 YEARS journal November 2013
Marine-based multiproxy reconstruction of Atlantic multidecadal variability: SVENDSEN ET AL. journal February 2014
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation as a dominant factor of oceanic influence on climate: CHYLEX ET. AL.; ATLANTIC MULTI-DECADAL OSCILLATION journal March 2014
Sahel rainfall in multimodel CMIP5 decadal hindcasts journal March 2014
Forecast cooling of the Atlantic subpolar gyre and associated impacts journal July 2014
Two contrasting views of multidecadal climate variability in the twentieth century: Two views of climate variability journal October 2014
Local and remote wind stress forcing of the seasonal variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) transport at 26.5°N journal April 2015
Interannual to multidecadal Euro-Atlantic blocking variability during winter and its relationship with extreme low temperatures in Europe journal December 2014
Processes and mechanisms for the model SST biases in the North Atlantic and North Pacific: A link with the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: PROCESSES AND MECHANISMS FOR THE MODEL SST BIASES journal May 2015
Exploring the impact of CMIP5 model biases on the simulation of North Atlantic decadal variability: CMIP5 BIASES AFFECT VARIABILITY journal July 2015
On the evolution of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Fingerprint and implications for decadal predictability in the North Atlantic: ON THE EVOLUTION OF AMOC FINGERPRINT journal July 2015
Predicted slowdown in the rate of Atlantic sea ice loss: PREDICTED RATE OF SEA ICE LOSS journal December 2015
Impact of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the decadal variability of the Gulf Stream path and regional chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations: IMPACT OF AMOC ON GS AND CHL/NUTRIENTS journal November 2015
A decadally delayed response of the tropical Pacific to Atlantic multidecadal variability journal January 2016
Multidecadal fluctuations of the North Atlantic Ocean and feedback on the winter climate in CMIP5 control simulations: AMV FEEDBACK ON ATMOSPHERE IN CMIP5 journal March 2016
Tropical North Atlantic subsurface warming events as a fingerprint for AMOC variability during Marine Isotope Stage 3 journal November 2015
On the reconstruction of ocean circulation and climate based on the “Gardar Drift”: RECONSTRUCTING OCEAN CIRCULATION journal March 2016
Observations, inferences, and mechanisms of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: A review journal January 2016
Positive low cloud and dust feedbacks amplify tropical North Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal February 2016
The signature of low‐frequency oceanic forcing in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal March 2016
Multidecadal changes in Iceland Scotland Overflow Water vigor over the last 600 years and its relationship to climate: 600 YEARS OF ISOW VIGOR VARIABILITY journal March 2016
The necessity of cloud feedback for a basin-scale Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: CLOUD FEEDBACK CAUSES BASIN-SCALE AMO journal April 2016
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability in a model with an improved North Atlantic Current: AMV IN MODEL WITH IMPROVED NAC journal August 2016
New observational evidence for a positive cloud feedback that amplifies the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Positive Cloud Feedback Amplifies AMO journal September 2016
Global linkages originating from decadal oceanic variability in the subpolar North Atlantic: ATLANTIC-PACIFIC CONNECTIVITY journal October 2016
The role of historical forcings in simulating the observed Atlantic multidecadal oscillation journal March 2017
The last millennium climate reanalysis project: Framework and first results journal June 2016
NAO and its relationship with the Northern Hemisphere mean surface temperature in CMIP5 simulations: NAO and NHT in CMIP5 Simulations journal April 2017
The impact of the AMO on multidecadal ENSO variability: AMO IMPACTS ON ENSO journal April 2017
A new record of Atlantic sea surface salinity from 1896 to 2013 reveals the signatures of climate variability and long-term trends: New Atlantic Sea Surface Salinity Record journal January 2017
Multidecadal variability and climate shift in the North Atlantic Ocean: Decadal Variability of North Atlantic journal May 2017
Pronounced differences between observed and CMIP5-simulated multidecadal climate variability in the twentieth century: Observed Versus Simulated Climate Variation journal June 2017
On the persistence and coherence of subpolar sea surface temperature and salinity anomalies associated with the Atlantic multidecadal variability: Persistence and Coherence of SST and SSS journal August 2017
Teleconnection Between Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and European Temperature: Diversity and Evaluation of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Models journal November 2017
Twentieth century correlations between extratropical SST variability and ITCZ shifts: AMO, PDO, and ITCZ Variability journal September 2017
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Modulates the Impacts of Arctic Sea Ice Decline journal March 2018
The North Atlantic Ocean Is in a State of Reduced Overturning journal February 2018
Dominant Role of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the Recent Decadal Changes in Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Activity journal January 2018
Mechanisms underlying recent decadal changes in subpolar North Atlantic Ocean heat content: SUBPOLAR DECADAL TREND REVERSAL journal September 2017
Reconstructing Past Seasonal to Multicentennial-Scale Variability in the NE Atlantic Ocean Using the Long-Lived Marine Bivalve Mollusk Glycymeris glycymeris : Paleoapplication of Glycymeris Isotopes journal November 2017
Inhomogeneous influence of the Atlantic warm pool on United States precipitation: Inhomogeneous influence of AWP on US precipitation journal August 2014
Northern North Atlantic sea surface height and ocean heat content variability: North Atlantic SSH and OHC Variability journal July 2013
Multidecadal North Atlantic sea surface temperature and Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability in CMIP5 historical simulations: Amo and Amoc Simulations in CMIP5 journal October 2013
On the lack of stratospheric dynamical variability in low-top versions of the CMIP5 models: STRATOSPHERE IN CMIP5 MODELS journal March 2013
HISTALP—historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the Greater Alpine Region journal January 2006
Reconstruction of the North Atlantic Oscillation, 1429-1983 journal January 2001
The impact of the AMO on the West African monsoon annual cycle: Impact of AMO on West African Monsoon journal February 2013
The role of the Barents sea in the Arctic Climate System: the role of the Barents sea journal September 2013
Modelling interdecadal climate variability and the role of the ocean: Modelling interdecadal climate variability and the role of the ocean journal November 2016
The global heat balance: heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean journal August 1994
Influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the winter climate of East China journal February 2007
Air–sea coupling enhances the East Asian winter climate response to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal October 2015
Simulation by CMIP5 models of the atlantic multidecadal oscillation and its climate impacts journal November 2016
Reconstruction of sea level pressure fields over the Eastern North Atlantic and Europe back to 1500 journal March 2002
On the interannual variability of surface salinity in the Atlantic journal January 2003
A 1600-year history of the Labrador Current off Nova Scotia journal July 2003
Assessing the role of North Atlantic freshwater forcing in millennial scale climate variability: a tropical Atlantic perspective journal February 2005
Variability of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation described by three-dimensional empirical orthogonal functions journal June 2007
North Atlantic warming: patterns of long-term trend and multidecadal variability journal January 2009
Seawater density variations in the North Atlantic and the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal April 2009
Low-frequency variability of the arctic climate: the role of oceanic and atmospheric heat transport variations journal April 2009
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean Sea Surface Temperature: a multimodel comparison journal April 2009
Unprecedented low twentieth century winter sea ice extent in the Western Nordic Seas since A.D. 1200 journal June 2009
Case studies in interannual to decadal climate predictability journal October 2009
Mechanisms of interdecadal climate variability and the role of ocean–atmosphere coupling journal October 2009
Influence of Atlantic sea surface temperatures on persistent drought in North America journal May 2010
Sahel rainfall and decadal to multi-decadal sea surface temperature variability journal June 2010
Atlantic tropical cyclones in the twentieth century: natural variability and secular change in cyclone count journal October 2010
Mechanisms of the atmospheric response to North Atlantic multidecadal variability: a model study journal December 2010
Stochastically-driven multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation in CCSM3 journal March 2011
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Northern Hemisphere’s climate variability journal April 2011
Cold-season atmospheric response to the natural variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal June 2011
Mechanisms for decadal scale variability in a simulated Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal June 2011
On the time-varying trend in global-mean surface temperature journal July 2011
Potential decadal predictability and its sensitivity to sea ice albedo parameterization in a global coupled model journal June 2011
Marine proxy evidence linking decadal North Pacific and Atlantic climate journal November 2011
Atmospheric response to the North Atlantic Ocean variability on seasonal to decadal time scales journal April 2012
Decadal predictability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and climate in the IPSL-CM5A-LR model journal August 2012
Equatorial Atlantic variability and its relation to mean state biases in CMIP5 journal December 2012
A mechanism for Atlantic multidecadal variability in the Kiel Climate Model journal January 2013
Different flavors of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability journal January 2013
AMO’s structure and climate footprint in observations and IPCC AR5 climate simulations journal March 2013
The ocean’s role in setting the mean position of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone journal May 2013
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in twentieth century climate simulations: uneven progress from CMIP3 to CMIP5 journal June 2013
Ocean heat transport into the Arctic in the twentieth and twenty-first century in EC-Earth journal June 2013
An attempt to deconstruct the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal June 2013
Stratosphere key for wintertime atmospheric response to warm Atlantic decadal conditions journal July 2013
Stochastically-forced multidecadal variability in the North Atlantic: a model study journal September 2013
Imprint of the Atlantic multi-decadal oscillation and Pacific decadal oscillation on southwestern US climate: past, present, and future journal September 2013
A multi-model comparison of Atlantic multidecadal variability journal January 2014
Decadal predictions of the cooling and freshening of the North Atlantic in the 1960s and the role of ocean circulation journal March 2014
Diagnosing southeast tropical Atlantic SST and ocean circulation biases in the CMIP5 ensemble journal July 2014
Added-value from initialization in predictions of Atlantic multi-decadal variability journal October 2014
Troposphere–stratosphere response to large-scale North Atlantic Ocean variability in an atmosphere/ocean coupled model journal May 2015
Atlantic forcing of Pacific decadal variability journal June 2015
Multi-decadal variability in the Greenland ice core records obtained using intrinsic timescale decomposition journal October 2015
Wintertime atmospheric response to Atlantic multidecadal variability: effect of stratospheric representation and ocean–atmosphere coupling journal October 2015
Correcting North Atlantic sea surface salinity biases in the Kiel Climate Model: influences on ocean circulation and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability journal January 2016
The role of Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation in the global mean temperature variability journal February 2016
The impact of multidecadal Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variations on the Southern Ocean journal May 2016
Impact of observed North Atlantic multidecadal variations to European summer climate: a linear baroclinic response to surface heating journal July 2016
The South Atlantic Anticyclone as a key player for the representation of the tropical Atlantic climate in coupled climate models journal August 2016
Decadal prediction of Sahel rainfall: where does the skill (or lack thereof) come from? journal October 2016
Bjerknes compensation in the Bergen Climate Model journal November 2016
Mechanisms of decadal variability in the Labrador Sea and the wider North Atlantic in a high-resolution climate model journal December 2016
Alleviating tropical Atlantic sector biases in the Kiel climate model by enhancing horizontal and vertical atmosphere model resolution: climatology and interannual variability journal June 2017
Historical forcings as main drivers of the Atlantic multidecadal variability in the CESM large ensemble journal July 2017
Causes of the large warm bias in the Angola–Benguela Frontal Zone in the Norwegian Earth System Model journal September 2017
A role of the Atlantic Ocean in predicting summer surface air temperature over North East Asia? journal October 2017
Global-mean surface temperature variability: space–time perspective from rotated EOFs journal October 2017
Contrasting spatial structures of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation between observations and slab ocean model simulations journal April 2018
Observed and simulated multidecadal variability in the Northern Hemisphere journal September 2000
A predictability study of simulated North Atlantic multidecadal variability journal August 1997
The roles of surface heat flux and ocean heat transport convergence in determining Atlantic Ocean temperature variability journal May 2010
The use of a flow field correction technique for alleviating the North Atlantic cold bias with application to the Kiel Climate Model journal June 2015
On the observed relationship between the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation journal February 2011
Recent Progress in Understanding and Predicting Atlantic Decadal Climate Variability journal April 2017
Hydrography of the central Atlantic—I. The two-degree discontinuity journal December 1976
The “great salinity anomaly” in the Northern North Atlantic 1968–1982 journal January 1988
A survey of ocean current theory journal January 1957
A record of Holocene climate in the mineral magnetic record of Alpine lakes: Sägistalsee and Hinterburgsee journal May 2001
Mineral-magnetic record of Late Quaternary climatic changes in a high Alpine lake journal June 1999
Long-term coordinated changes in the convective activity of the North Atlantic journal January 1996
“Great Salinity Anomalies” in the North Atlantic journal January 1998
The abyssal circulation journal January 1958
Inferring the variation of climatic and glaciological contributions to West Greenland iceberg discharge in the twentieth century journal January 2016
A perspective on decadal climate variability and predictability journal September 2011
Predicting Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variations using subsurface and surface fingerprints journal September 2011
North Atlantic climate model bias influence on multiyear predictability journal January 2018
North Atlantic Multidecadal SST Oscillation: External forcing versus internal variability journal May 2014
A low latitude paleoclimate perspective on Atlantic multidecadal variability journal May 2014
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Its manifestations and impacts with special emphasis on the Atlantic region north of 60°N journal May 2014
Deep convection seesaw controlled by freshwater transport through the Denmark Strait journal January 2006
North Atlantic simulations in Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments phase II (CORE-II). Part I: Mean states journal January 2014
Improvements of simulated Western North Atlantic current system and impacts on the AMOC journal April 2014
Representations of the Nordic Seas overflows and their large scale climate impact in coupled models journal February 2015
North Atlantic simulations in Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments phase II (CORE-II). Part II: Inter-annual to decadal variability journal January 2016
El Niño and related monsoon drought signals in 523-year-long ring width records of teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) trees from south India journal January 2010
Evidence of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the magnetic properties of Alpine lakes during the last 2500 years journal December 2015
Large bio-geographical shifts in the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean: From the subpolar gyre, via plankton, to blue whiting and pilot whales journal March 2009
Global Climatic Impacts of a Collapse of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation journal January 2002
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental U.S. journal May 2001
Adjustment of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system to a sudden change in the Thermohaline Circulation: COUPLED ADJUSTMENT TO CHANGE IN THE THC journal August 2002
Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century journal January 2003
Modes of the wintertime Arctic temperature variability: MODES OF ARCTIC TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY journal August 2003
A tree-ring based reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since 1567 A.D.: RECONSTRUCTED ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION journal June 2004
On the driving processes of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal January 2007
A signature of persistent natural thermohaline circulation cycles in observed climate journal January 2005
Response of the ITCZ to Northern Hemisphere cooling: ITCZ RESPONSE TO N. HEMISPHERE COOLING journal January 2006
A physical mechanism for North Atlantic SST influence on the Indian summer monsoon journal January 2006
Holocene history of drift ice in the northern North Atlantic: Evidence for different spatial and temporal modes: NORTH ATLANTIC HOLOCENE DRIFT ICE INPUT journal June 2006
Atlantic hurricane trends linked to climate change journal January 2006
Multidecadal modulation of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variance by Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperatures journal January 2006
Climate impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal January 2006
Impact of Atlantic multidecadal oscillations on India/Sahel rainfall and Atlantic hurricanes journal January 2006
Greenland warming of 1920–1930 and 1995–2005 journal January 2006
Atlantic hurricanes and natural variability in 2005 journal January 2006
Impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Asian summer monsoon journal January 2006
Tropical sea surface temperature, vertical wind shear, and hurricane development journal January 2007
Can the Atlantic Ocean drive the observed multidecadal variability in Northern Hemisphere mean temperature? journal January 2007
Atlantic Warm Pool acting as a link between Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and Atlantic tropical cyclone activity: ATLANTIC TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY journal May 2008
Anticorrelated multidecadal variations between surface and subsurface tropical North Atlantic journal January 2007
North Atlantic climate and deep-ocean flow speed changes during the last 230 years: N. ATLANTIC CLIMATE AND DEEP OCEAN FLOW journal July 2007
On the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Might they be related?: PDO AND AMO RELATED? journal December 2007
Impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on North Pacific climate variability: IMPACT ON NORTH PACIFIC VARIABILITY journal December 2007
Meridional coherence of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: MERIDIONAL COHERENCE OF ATLANTIC MOC journal December 2007
How the North Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation may have influenced the Indian summer monsoon during the past two millennia journal January 2008
Modelling the influence of North Atlantic multidecadal warmth on the Indian summer rainfall journal January 2008
Fast teleconnections to the tropical Atlantic sector from Atlantic thermohaline adjustment: ATL TELECONNECTIONS FROM AMOC ADJUSTMENT journal April 2008
How does a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation lead to an intensification of the ENSO-south Asian summer monsoon interaction? journal January 2008
Potential predictability of rapid changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal January 2008
Coherent surface-subsurface fingerprint of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal January 2008
Multidecadal and multicentennial variability of the meridional overturning circulation journal January 2008
Seasonal response of Asian monsoonal climate to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal January 2009
Paleoclimate proxy perspective on Caribbean climate since the year 1751: Evidence of cooler temperatures and multidecadal variability: CARIBBEAN CLIMATE OF THE LAST 250 YEARS journal September 2008
A new method for attributing climate variations over the Atlantic Hurricane Basin's main development region journal January 2009
Arctic air temperature change amplification and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal January 2009
A possible mechanism for the strong weakening of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre in the mid-1990s: MECHANISM WEAKENING NASPG MID-1990S journal August 2009
Barents Sea multidecadal variability journal January 2009
A review of North Atlantic modes of natural variability and their driving mechanisms journal January 2009
100-year mass changes in the Swiss Alps linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: THE 100-YEAR MASS CHANGE OF ALPINE GLACIERS journal May 2010
Twentieth century bipolar seesaw of the Arctic and Antarctic surface air temperatures: BIPOLAR SEESAW OF POLAR TEMPERATURES journal April 2010
Air temperature variations on the Atlantic-Arctic boundary since 1802: ARCTIC TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS SINCE 1802 journal September 2010
Latitudinal dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variations: LATITUDINAL DEPENDENCE OF AMOC VARIATION journal August 2010
Winter 2010 in Europe: A cold extreme in a warming climate: COLD WINTER 2010 IN EUROPE journal October 2010
Climate impacts of parameterized Nordic Sea overflows journal January 2010
Multidecadal variability of the North Brazil Current and its connection to the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal January 2011
Ocean forcing of the Greenland Ice Sheet: Calving fronts and patterns of retreat identified by automatic satellite monitoring of eastern outlet glaciers journal January 2011
Ice-core data evidence for a prominent near 20 year time-scale of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: AMO AND ICE CORE DATA journal July 2011
Multi-year predictability of the tropical Atlantic atmosphere driven by the high latitude North Atlantic Ocean: TROPICAL ATLANTIC DECADAL PREDICTABILITY journal July 2011
The role of Atlantic-Arctic exchange in North Atlantic multidecadal climate variability: MULTIDECADAL ATLANTIC-ARCTIC EXCHANGE journal August 2011
Key role of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in 20th century drought and wet periods over the Great Plains: AMO'S ROLE IN GREAT PLAINS DROUGHTS journal August 2011
Robust features of Atlantic multi-decadal variability and its climate impacts: ROBUST AMV PATTERNS journal September 2011
Sensitivity of the North Atlantic Ocean Circulation to an abrupt change in the Nordic Sea overflow in a high resolution global coupled climate model journal January 2011
The connection between the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Indian Summer Monsoon in Bergen Climate Model Version 2.0 journal January 2011
World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0-2000 m), 1955-2010: WORLD OCEAN HEAT CONTENT journal May 2012
Coupling between Greenland blocking and the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern: COUPLING BETWEEN GB AND NAO PATTERN journal July 2012
Observed interannual variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5°N: INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF THE MOC journal October 2012
Evidence for multiple drivers of North Atlantic multi-decadal climate variability: MULTIPLE DRIVERS OF ATLANTIC VARIABILITY journal October 2012
Initialized decadal predictions of the rapid warming of the North Atlantic Ocean in the mid 1990s: PREDICTIONS OF 1990s ATLANTIC WARMING journal October 2012
Relationship between the Pacific and Atlantic stepwise climate change during the 1990s: PACIFIC AND ATLANTIC CLIMATE CHANGE journal November 2012
Corals record persistent multidecadal SST variability in the Atlantic Warm Pool since 1775 AD: TROPICAL ATLANTIC SST SINCE 1775 AD journal September 2012
Underestimated AMOC Variability and Implications for AMV and Predictability in CMIP Models journal May 2018
On the Relative Roles of the Atmosphere and Ocean in the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability journal September 2018
Key Role of Internal Ocean Dynamics in Atlantic Multidecadal Variability During the Last Half Century journal December 2018
A Multivariate AMV Index and Associated Discrepancies Between Observed and CMIP5 Externally Forced AMV journal April 2019
Sea-ice interaction with the thermohaline circulation journal February 1993
On the interbasin-scale thermohaline circulation journal January 1995
Multidecadal climate variability in the Greenland Sea and surrounding regions: A coupled model simulation journal February 1997
Open-ocean convection: Observations, theory, and models journal February 1999
Interocean exchange of thermocline water journal January 1986
Measurements of meridional heat transport by ocean currents journal August 1962
Deep convection in the World Ocean journal January 1983
Sea surface temperature anomalies, planetary waves, and air-sea feedback in the middle latitudes journal January 1985
A coupled ocean-atmosphere model of relevance to the ITCZ in the eastern Pacific journal August 1994
Does the ocean–atmosphere system have more than one stable mode of operation? journal May 1985
Sahel rainfall and worldwide sea temperatures, 1901–85 journal April 1986
Improved estimates of global ocean circulation, heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data journal November 2000
An oscillation in the global climate system of period 65–70 years journal February 1994
A decadal climate variation in the tropical Atlantic Ocean from thermodynamic air-sea interactions journal February 1997
The role of the thermohaline circulation in abrupt climate change journal February 2002
Ocean circulation and climate during the past 120,000 years journal September 2002
Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes journal April 2004
Hurricanes and global warming journal December 2005
Interior pathways of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal May 2009
The central role of diminishing sea ice in recent Arctic temperature amplification journal April 2010
An abrupt drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperature around 1970 journal September 2010
Aerosols implicated as a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability journal April 2012
North Atlantic Ocean control on surface heat flux on multidecadal timescales journal July 2013
North Atlantic warming and the retreat of Greenland's outlet glaciers journal December 2013
Ocean impact on decadal Atlantic climate variability revealed by sea-level observations journal May 2015
A model-tested North Atlantic Oscillation reconstruction for the past millennium journal July 2015
A global perspective on CMIP5 climate model biases journal February 2014
Recent Walker circulation strengthening and Pacific cooling amplified by Atlantic warming journal August 2014
Atlantic-induced pan-tropical climate change over the past three decades journal November 2015
The absence of an Atlantic imprint on the multidecadal variability of wintertime European temperature journal March 2016
Tracking the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation through the last 8,000 years journal February 2011
Annually resolved North Atlantic marine climate over the last millennium journal December 2016
Silver hake tracks changes in Northwest Atlantic circulation journal August 2011
Skilful prediction of Sahel summer rainfall on inter-annual and multi-year timescales journal May 2017
On the discrepancy between observed and CMIP5 multi-model simulated Barents Sea winter sea ice decline journal April 2017
Western tropical Pacific multidecadal variability forced by the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation journal July 2017
Evidence for external forcing of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation since termination of the Little Ice Age journal February 2014
Bidecadal North Atlantic ocean circulation variability controlled by timing of volcanic eruptions journal March 2015
Skilful multi-year predictions of Atlantic hurricane frequency journal November 2010
Atlantic Ocean influence on a shift in European climate in the 1990s journal October 2012
Anthropogenic aerosol forcing of Atlantic tropical storms journal June 2013
Contribution of ocean overturning circulation to tropical rainfall peak in the Northern Hemisphere journal October 2013
Atlantic overturning in decline? journal December 2013
Active Atlantic hurricane era at its end? journal September 2015
Recent slowing of Atlantic overturning circulation as a recovery from earlier strengthening journal May 2016
A reversal of climatic trends in the North Atlantic since 2005 journal June 2016
The North Atlantic Oscillation as a driver of rapid climate change in the Northern Hemisphere journal June 2016
Internal and external forcing of multidecadal Atlantic climate variability over the past 1,200 years journal May 2017
Acceleration of Jakobshavn Isbræ triggered by warm subsurface ocean waters journal September 2008
Surface-temperature trends and variability in the low-latitude North Atlantic since 1552 journal June 2009
Rapid circulation of warm subtropical waters in a major glacial fjord in East Greenland journal February 2010
Opposing decadal changes for the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal September 2010
External forcing as a metronome for Atlantic multidecadal variability journal September 2010
The role of Atlantic overturning circulation in the recent decline of Atlantic major hurricane frequency journal November 2017
Model tropical Atlantic biases underpin diminished Pacific decadal variability journal May 2018
Pacific contribution to the early twentieth-century warming in the Arctic journal August 2018
Global surface warming enhanced by weak Atlantic overturning circulation journal July 2018
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics journal September 2017
A tree-ring reconstruction of the South Asian summer monsoon index over the past millennium journal October 2014
Competition between global warming and an abrupt collapse of the AMOC in Earth’s energy imbalance journal October 2015
Linkages between atmospheric blocking, sea ice export through Fram Strait and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal September 2016
Amplification of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation associated with the onset of the industrial-era warming journal January 2017
Pacific and Atlantic Ocean influences on multidecadal drought frequency in the United States journal March 2004
Consistent simulations of multiple proxy responses to an abrupt climate change event journal January 2006
Contingent Pacific-Atlantic Ocean influence on multicentury wildfire synchrony over western North America journal December 2006
Impact of abrupt deglacial climate change on tropical Atlantic subsurface temperatures journal August 2012
Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records journal January 2013
Mechanisms for low-frequency variability of summer Arctic sea ice extent journal March 2015
Early 20th-century Arctic warming intensified by Pacific and Atlantic multidecadal variability journal May 2017
Wind-Driven Currents in a Baroclinic Ocean; with Application to the Equatorial Currents of the Eastern Pacific journal November 1947
Trends and Variability in Sea Ice and Icebergs off the Canadian East Coast journal June 2015
Tropical origin for the impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability on the Euro-Atlantic climate journal September 2015
Sources of multi-decadal variability in Arctic sea ice extent journal July 2012
Atlantic influence on spring snowfall over the Alps in the past 150 years journal September 2013
Forcing of the wintertime atmospheric circulation by the multidecadal fluctuations of the North Atlantic ocean journal March 2014
Has a warm North Atlantic contributed to recent European cold winters? journal May 2014
A century of variation in the dependence of Greenland iceberg calving on ice sheet surface mass balance and regional climate change journal June 2014
Arctic climate change: observed and modelled temperature and sea-ice variability journal August 2004
Stochastic climate models Part I. Theory journal December 1976
Stochastic climate models, Part II Application to sea-surface temperature anomalies and thermocline variability journal August 1977
Sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean journal April 1978
The Recent Increase in Atlantic Hurricane Activity: Causes and Implications journal July 2001
Atlantic Ocean Forcing of North American and European Summer Climate journal July 2005
Observed Flow Compensation Associated with the MOC at 26.5 N in the Atlantic journal August 2007
Temporal Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26.5 N journal August 2007
Persistent Positive North Atlantic Oscillation Mode Dominated the Medieval Climate Anomaly journal April 2009
Atlantic Forcing of Persistent Drought in West Africa journal April 2009
Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Anomaly journal November 2009
Ice Age Terminations journal October 2009
Deconstructing the Conveyor Belt journal June 2010
Atmospheric Blocking and Atlantic Multidecadal Ocean Variability journal November 2011
Varying planetary heat sink led to global-warming slowdown and acceleration journal August 2014
Observing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation yields a decade of inevitable surprises journal June 2015
Atlantic and Pacific multidecadal oscillations and Northern Hemisphere temperatures journal February 2015
Strong Association Between West African Rainfall and U.S. Landfall of Intense Hurricanes journal September 1990
Decadal Trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional Temperatures and Precipitation journal August 1995
Predictability of North Atlantic Multidecadal Climate Variability journal January 1997
A North Atlantic Climate Pacemaker for the Centuries journal June 2000
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation without a role for ocean circulation journal October 2015
Comment on "The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation without a role for ocean circulation" journal June 2016
Response to Comment on "The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation without a role for ocean circulation" journal June 2016
A sea change in our view of overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic journal January 2019
Sea Surface Temperature Variability: Patterns and Mechanisms journal January 2010
Overturning in the North Atlantic journal January 2012
Wally Was Right: Predictive Ability of the North Atlantic “Conveyor Belt” Hypothesis for Abrupt Climate Change journal May 2007
Surface Climate Variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during Winter: 1900–1989 journal September 1993
Interdecadal Variations of the Thermohaline Circulation in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model journal November 1993
Interdecadal Variations in North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature and Associated Atmospheric Conditions journal January 1994
A Linear Thermohaline Oscillator Driven by Stochastic Atmospheric Forcing journal October 1995
Decadal Variability in Coupled Sea-Ice–Thermohaline Circulation Systems* journal December 1997
On the Variability of the Thermohaline Circulation in the GFDL Coupled Model journal April 1998
Diagnosis and Short-Lead Time Prediction of Summer Rainfall in Tropical North Africa at Interannual and Multidecadal Timescales journal December 1998
Multiscale Variabilities in Global Sea Surface Temperatures and Their Relationships with Tropospheric Climate Patterns journal September 1999
Multidecadal Thermohaline Circulation Variability Driven by Atmospheric Surface Flux Forcing journal May 2000
Recent Variability of the North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation Inferred from Surface Heat and Freshwater Fluxes journal September 2000
The Role of Ice–Ocean Interactions in the Variability of the North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation journal March 2001
North Atlantic Interdecadal Variability: Oceanic Response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (1865–1997) journal March 2001
A Study of the Interaction of the North Atlantic Oscillation with Ocean Circulation journal April 2001
Predictability of Northeast Brazil Rainfall and Real-Time Forecast Skill, 1987–98 journal May 2001
Estimates of Meridional Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports journal August 2001
A Well-Verified, Multiproxy Reconstruction of the Winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index since a.d. 1400* journal July 2002
Understanding the Persistence of Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in Midlatitudes journal January 2003
Variability and Trends of Air Temperature and Pressure in the Maritime Arctic, 1875–2000 journal June 2003
Long-Term Ice Variability in Arctic Marginal Seas journal June 2003
Data-Based Meridional Overturning Streamfunctions for the Global Ocean journal October 2003
Influence of the Ocean on North Atlantic Climate Variability 1871–1999 journal October 2003
Reconstructing, Monitoring, and Predicting Multidecadal-Scale Changes in the North Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation with Sea Surface Temperature journal April 2004
The Early Twentieth-Century Warming in the Arctic—A Possible Mechanism journal October 2004
Northern Hemispheric Interdecadal Variability: A Coupled Air–Sea Mode journal August 1998
A Pacific Interdecadal Climate Oscillation with Impacts on Salmon Production journal June 1997
A Numerical Calculation of the Circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean journal October 1972
Heat Budget of Tropical Ocean and Atmosphere journal February 1980
On Meridional Heat Transports in the World Ocean journal August 1982
Is the North Atlantic in Sverdrup Balance? journal December 1985
Latent and Sensible Heat Flux Anomalies over the Northern Oceans: Driving the Sea Surface Temperature journal August 1992
JEBAR, Bottom Pressure Torque, and Gulf Stream Separation journal May 1996
Shallow, Intermediate, and Deep Overturning Components of the Global Heat Budget journal March 2003
Global view of the Origin of Tropical Disturbances and Storms journal October 1968
A New Rossby Wave–Breaking Interpretation of the North Atlantic Oscillation journal February 2008
Bjerknes Compensation at High Northern Latitudes: The Ocean Forcing the Atmosphere journal December 2007
Global Teleconnections in Response to a Shutdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal June 2008
Multidecadal Climate Variability in Observed and Modeled Surface Temperatures journal March 2008
Variation of the North American Summer Monsoon Regimes and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal June 2008
Climate Response to Anomalously Large and Small Atlantic Warm Pools during the Summer journal June 2008
The Response of the ITCZ to Extratropical Thermal Forcing: Idealized Slab-Ocean Experiments with a GCM journal July 2008
An Observational Estimate of Inferred Ocean Energy Divergence journal May 2008
On Multidecadal Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in the Community Climate System Model Version 3 journal November 2008
Multidecadal Variability in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity journal August 2008
North Pacific Climate Response to Freshwater Forcing in the Subarctic North Atlantic: Oceanic and Atmospheric Pathways journal March 2009
Forced and Internal Twentieth-Century SST Trends in the North Atlantic journal March 2009
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Inferred from the Forced Climate Response in Coupled General Circulation Models journal April 2009
Greenland Ice Sheet Surface Air Temperature Variability: 1840–2007 journal July 2009
A U.S. CLIVAR Project to Assess and Compare the Responses of Global Climate Models to Drought-Related SST Forcing Patterns: Overview and Results journal October 2009
A Regime View of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Its Response to Anthropogenic Forcing journal March 2010
On the Path of the Gulf Stream and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal June 2010
The Impact of North Atlantic–Arctic Multidecadal Variability on Northern Hemisphere Surface Air Temperature journal November 2010
North Atlantic Multidecadal Climate Variability: An Investigation of Dominant Time Scales and Processes journal July 2010
A Significant Component of Unforced Multidecadal Variability in the Recent Acceleration of Global Warming journal February 2011
Impact of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) on Arctic Surface Air Temperature and Sea Ice Variability journal December 2011
Variations in North American Summer Precipitation Driven by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal November 2011
Predictability of the Atlantic Overturning Circulation and Associated Surface Patterns in Two CCSM3 Climate Change Ensemble Experiments journal December 2011
Estimating the Decadal Predictability of a Coupled AOGCM journal November 2004
Low-Latitude Freshwater Influence on Centennial Variability of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation journal December 2004
Climate Variability and Change since 850 CE: An Ensemble Approach with the Community Earth System Model journal May 2016
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and the U.K. ACSIS Program journal February 2018
Predicting Near-Term Changes in the Earth System: A Large Ensemble of Initialized Decadal Prediction Simulations Using the Community Earth System Model journal September 2018
Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis journal January 2013
Have Aerosols Caused the Observed Atlantic Multidecadal Variability? journal April 2013
Extratropical Forcing of Tropical Atlantic Variability during Boreal Summer and Fall journal March 2012
ENSO and Pacific Decadal Variability in the Community Climate System Model Version 4 journal April 2012
Multidecadal Covariability of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, African Dust, Sahel Rainfall, and Atlantic Hurricanes journal August 2012
Causes of the Rapid Warming of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Mid-1990s journal June 2012
Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in CCSM4 journal August 2012
Quantifying the Influence of Atlantic Heat on Barents Sea Ice Variability and Retreat journal July 2012
A Decadal Prediction Case Study: Late Twentieth-Century North Atlantic Ocean Heat Content journal August 2012
Two Tales of Initializing Decadal Climate Prediction Experiments with the ECHAM5/MPI-OM Model journal December 2012
AMO-Forced Regional Processes Affecting Summertime Precipitation Variations in the Central United States journal January 2013
The Atlantic Meridional Heat Transport at 26.5°N and Its Relationship with the MOC in the RAPID Array and the GFDL and NCAR Coupled Models journal June 2013
Meridional Energy Transport in the Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean System: Compensation and Partitioning journal September 2013
A Predictable AMO-Like Pattern in the GFDL Fully Coupled Ensemble Initialization and Decadal Forecasting System journal January 2013
Two Decades of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Anatomy, Variations, Extremes, Prediction, and Overcoming Its Limitations journal September 2013
Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Balance Reconstruction. Part II: Surface Mass Balance (1840–2010) journal September 2013
North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part II: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Intraseasonal to Decadal Variability journal December 2013
Decadal Prediction of the Sahelian Precipitation in CMIP5 Simulations journal October 2013
Assimilation of Time-Averaged Pseudoproxies for Climate Reconstruction journal January 2014
Multidecadal Ocean Temperature and Salinity Variability in the Tropical North Atlantic: Linking with the AMO, AMOC, and Subtropical Cell journal August 2013
A Multimodel Study of Sea Surface Temperature and Subsurface Density Fingerprints of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal November 2013
Predictable Climate Impacts of the Decadal Changes in the Ocean in the 1990s journal September 2013
The Origins of Late-Twentieth-Century Variations in the Large-Scale North Atlantic Circulation journal May 2014
The Multidecadal Atlantic SST—Sahel Rainfall Teleconnection in CMIP5 Simulations journal January 2014
Is AMOC More Predictable than North Atlantic Heat Content? journal May 2014
Predicting a Decadal Shift in North Atlantic Climate Variability Using the GFDL Forecast System journal September 2014
ENSO Amplitude Modulation Associated with the Mean SST Changes in the Tropical Central Pacific Induced by Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal October 2014
Mechanisms of Multidecadal Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Variability Diagnosed in Depth versus Density Space journal December 2014
An Anatomy of the Cooling of the North Atlantic Ocean in the 1960s and 1970s journal November 2014
Linking Emergence of the Central Pacific El Niño to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal January 2015
Influence of the North Atlantic SST Variability on the Atmospheric Circulation during the Twentieth Century journal February 2015
Does External Forcing Interfere with the AMOC’s Influence on North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature? journal August 2015
A Millennial Summer Temperature Reconstruction for the Eastern Tibetan Plateau from Tree-Ring Width journal July 2015
Wintertime Atmospheric Response to North Atlantic Ocean Circulation Variability in a Climate Model journal October 2015
Mechanisms Determining the Winter Atmospheric Response to the Atlantic Overturning Circulation journal May 2016
The Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Climate through Its Influence on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal February 2016
The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Revisited journal June 2016
Does the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Get Its Predictability from the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation? journal July 2016
Assessing the Climate Impacts of the Observed Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Using the GFDL CM2.1 and NCAR CESM1 Global Coupled Models journal April 2017
The Role of Forcings in the Twentieth-Century North Atlantic Multidecadal Variability: The 1940–75 North Atlantic Cooling Case Study journal September 2017
The Central Role of Ocean Dynamics in Connecting the North Atlantic Oscillation to the Extratropical Component of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal May 2017
Observed and Simulated Fingerprints of Multidecadal Climate Variability and Their Contributions to Periods of Global SST Stagnation journal January 2017
The Influences of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Mean Strength of the North Pacific Subtropical High during Boreal Winter journal January 2017
Comparison of Mechanisms for Low-Frequency Variability of Summer Arctic Sea Ice in Three Coupled Models journal February 2018
Comparison of Low-Frequency Internal Climate Variability in CMIP5 Models and Observations journal June 2017
Pairwise-Rotated EOFs of Global SST journal July 2017
Evolution of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability in a Model with an Improved North Atlantic Current journal July 2017
Contribution of Atlantic and Pacific Multidecadal Variability to Twentieth-Century Temperature Changes journal August 2017
Low-Pass Filtering, Heat Flux, and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability journal September 2017
Estimation of the SST Response to Anthropogenic and External Forcing and Its Impact on the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation journal December 2017
Gulf Stream Excursions and Sectional Detachments Generate the Decadal Pulses in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal April 2018
Low-Frequency North Atlantic Climate Variability in the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble journal January 2018
Impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability on North American Summer Climate and Heat Waves journal May 2018
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability as a Modulator of Precipitation Variability in the Southwest United States journal July 2018
Multidecadal Variability in Global Surface Temperatures Related to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal April 2018
AMO Forcing of Multidecadal Pacific ITCZ Variability journal July 2018
Modeled and Observed Multidecadal Variability in the North Atlantic Jet Stream and Its Connection to Sea Surface Temperatures journal October 2018
Ocean–Atmosphere Dynamical Coupling Fundamental to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal January 2019
Modulation of Arctic Sea Ice Loss by Atmospheric Teleconnections from Atlantic Multidecadal Variability journal March 2019
Mechanism of Interdecadal Thermohaline Circulation Variability in a Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere GCM journal April 2005
Simulated Tropical Response to a Substantial Weakening of the Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation journal June 2005
Arctic–North Atlantic Interactions and Multidecadal Variability of the Meridional Overturning Circulation journal October 2005
Impact of Great Salinity Anomalies on the Low-Frequency Variability of the North Atlantic Climate journal February 2006
Bjerknes Compensation and the Decadal Variability of the Energy Transports in a Coupled Climate Model journal April 2006
Interannual to Decadal Climate Predictability in the North Atlantic: A Multimodel-Ensemble Study journal April 2006
Investigating the Causes of the Response of the Thermohaline Circulation to Past and Future Climate Changes journal April 2006
Influences of the Atlantic Warm Pool on Western Hemisphere Summer Rainfall and Atlantic Hurricanes journal June 2006
Is the Thermohaline Circulation Changing? journal September 2006
Climate Response to Basin-Scale Warming and Cooling of the North Atlantic Ocean journal March 2007
A Hemispheric Mechanism for the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation journal June 2007
The Influence of a Weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation on ENSO journal October 2007
Enhancement of ENSO Variability by a Weakened Atlantic Thermohaline Circulation in a Coupled GCM journal October 2007
Topographic Coupling of the Atlantic Overturning and Gyre Circulations journal May 2015
The Role of Bottom Vortex Stretching on the Path of the North Atlantic Western Boundary Current and on the Northern Recirculation Gyre journal August 2007
Impact of Labrador Sea Convection on the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation journal September 2007
Response of the atmosphere–ocean mixed-layer system to anomalous ocean heat-flux convergence journal April 2002
Imprint of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on Tree-Ring Widths in Northeastern Asia since 1568 journal July 2011
Climate based multi-year predictions of the Barents Sea cod stock journal October 2018
The influence of a weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on ENSO text January 2007
Amplification of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation associated with the onset of the industrial-era warming text January 2017
Synchronous retreat and acceleration of southeast Greenland outlet glaciers 2000–06: ice dynamics and coupling to climate journal January 2008
Stochastic climate models, Part II Application to sea-surface temperature anomalies and thermocline variability journal January 1977
Sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean journal January 1978
A coupled ocean-atmosphere model of relevance to the ITCZ in the eastern Pacific journal January 1994
Arctic climate change: observed and modelled temperature and sea-ice variability journal January 2004
Arctic climate change: observed and modelled temperature and sea-ice variability journal January 2004
The relationship between Indian summer monsoon rainfall and Atlantic multidecadal variability over the last 500 years journal December 2016
Insights into Atlantic multidecadal variability using the Last Millennium Reanalysis framework journal January 2018
Volcanic impact on the Atlantic ocean over the last millennium journal January 2011
The role of subpolar deep water formation and Nordic Seas overflows in simulated multidecadal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation journal January 2014
Observed decline of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation 2004–2012 journal January 2014
Compensation between meridional flow components of the Atlantic MOC at 26° N journal January 2016
North Atlantic 20th century multidecadal variability in coupled climate models: sea surface temperature and ocean overturning circulation journal January 2011
The emergence of surface-based Arctic amplification journal January 2009
The early twentieth century warming and winter Arctic sea ice journal January 2012
A U.S. CLIVAR Project to Assess and Compare the Responses of Global Climate Models to Drought-Related SST Forcing Patterns: Overview and Results text January 2009

Cited By (5)

Regional Climate Impacts of Future Changes in the Mid–Latitude Atmospheric Circulation: a Storyline View journal November 2019
Spring Aleutian Low Weakening and Surface Cooling Trend in Northwest North America During Recent Decades journal November 2019
Structure and Performance of GFDL's CM4.0 Climate Model journal November 2019
The Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2) journal February 2020
CMIP5 Climate Models Overestimate Cooling by Volcanic Aerosols journal February 2020

Similar Records

Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and Associated Climate Impacts Initiated by Ocean Thermohaline Dynamics
Journal Article · Tue Jan 14 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Journal of Climate · OSTI ID:1591711
The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Key Drivers and Climate Impacts (Final Technical Report)
Technical Report · Thu Dec 21 23:00:00 EST 2023 · OSTI ID:2251505

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Geochemistry & Geophysics