Aqueous Li-ion battery enabled by halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite

Yang, Chongyin; Chen, Ji; Ji, Xiao; Pollard, Travis P.; Lü, Xujie; Sun, Cheng -Jun; Hou, Singyuk; Liu, Qi; Liu, Cunming; Qing, Tingting; Wang, Yingqi; Borodin, Oleg; Ren, Yang; Xu, Kang; Wang, Chunsheng

doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1175-6

Title: Aqueous Li-ion battery enabled by halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite

Journal Article · Wed May 08 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nature (London)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1175-6· OSTI ID:1559969

Yang, Chongyin ^[1]; Chen, Ji ^[1]; Ji, Xiao ^[1]; Pollard, Travis P. ^[2]; Lü, Xujie ^[3]; Sun, Cheng -Jun ^[4]; Hou, Singyuk ^[1]; Liu, Qi ^[5]; Liu, Cunming ^[4]; Qing, Tingting ^[1]; Wang, Yingqi ^[3]; Borodin, Oleg ^[2]; Ren, Yang ^[4]; Xu, Kang ^[2]; Wang, Chunsheng ^[1]

Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
U.S. Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD (United States)
Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai (China)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); City Univ. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (China)

The use of 'water-in-salt' electrolytes has considerably expanded the electrochemical window of aqueous lithium-ion batteries to 3 to 4 volts, making it possible to couple high-voltage cathodes with low-potential graphite anodes. However, the limited lithium intercalation capacities (less than 200 milliampere-hours per gram) of typical transition-metal-oxide cathodes preclude higher energy densities. Partial or exclusive anionic redox reactions may achieve higher capacity, but at the expense of reversibility. Here we report a halogen conversion-intercalation chemistry in graphite that produces composite electrodes with a capacity of 243 milliampere-hours per gram (for the total weight of the electrode) at an average potential of 4.2 volts versus Li/Li⁺. Experimental characterization and modelling attribute this high specific capacity to a densely packed stage-I graphite intercalation compound, C_3.5[Br_0.5Cl_0.5], which can form reversibly in water-in-bisalt electrolyte. By coupling this cathode with a passivated graphite anode, we create a 4-volt-class aqueous Li-ion full cell with an energy density of 460 watt-hours per kilogram of total composite electrode and about 100 per cent Coulombic efficiency. Here, this anion conversion-intercalation mechanism combines the high energy densities of the conversion reactions, the excellent reversibility of the intercalation mechanism and the improved safety of aqueous batteries.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1559969

Journal Information:: Nature (London), Vol. 569, Issue 7755; ISSN 0028-0836

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 502 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (57)

ATHENA , ARTEMIS , HEPHAESTUS : data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT Ravel, B.; Newville, M. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049505012719	journal	June 2005
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple Perdew, John P.; Burke, Kieron; Ernzerhof, Matthias Physical Review Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 18, p. 3865-3868 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865	journal	October 1996
Development of a Polarizable Force Field for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Poly (Ethylene Oxide) in Aqueous Solution Starovoytov, Oleg N.; Borodin, Oleg; Bedrov, Dmitry Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ct200064u	journal	April 2011
Chlorine in coal: an XAFS spectroscopic investigation Huggins, F. Fuel, Vol. 74, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)98359-M	journal	April 1995
Projector augmented-wave method Blöchl, P. E. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 24, p. 17953-17979 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953	journal	December 1994
Reversible Mn2+/Mn4+ double redox in lithium-excess cathode materials Lee, Jinhyuk; Kitchaev, Daniil A.; Kwon, Deok-Hwang Nature, Vol. 556, Issue 7700 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0015-4	journal	April 2018
4.0 V Aqueous Li-Ion Batteries Yang, Chongyin; Chen, Ji; Qing, Tingting Joule, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2017.08.009	journal	September 2017
Two-Step Electrochemical Intercalation and Oxidation of Graphite for the Mass Production of Graphene Oxide Cao, Jianyun; He, Pei; Mohammed, Mahdi A. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 139, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b08515	journal	November 2017
Ionic salt limit in graphite–fluoroarsenate intercalation compounds Milliken, J. W.; Fischer, J. E. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.445423	journal	May 1983
An ultrafast rechargeable aluminium-ion battery Lin, Meng-Chang; Gong, Ming; Lu, Bingan Nature, Vol. 520, Issue 7547 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14340	journal	April 2015
EXAFS study of Br2-graphite intercalation compounds Heald, S. M.; Stern, E. A. Synthetic Metals, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(80)90014-4	journal	April 1980
Chemical accuracy for the van der Waals density functional Klimeš, Jiří; Bowler, David R.; Michaelides, Angelos Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/2/022201	journal	December 2009
VESTA 3 for three-dimensional visualization of crystal, volumetric and morphology data Momma, Koichi; Izumi, Fujio Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 44, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889811038970	journal	October 2011
Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications Barsoukov, Evgenij; Macdonald, J. Ross https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119381860	book	March 2018
Density-functional theory calculations of the electron energy-loss near-edge structure of Li-intercalated graphite Titantah, J. T.; Lamoen, D.; Schowalter, M. Carbon, Vol. 47, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2009.05.002	journal	August 2009
Two-dimensional structure of bromine intercalated graphite Ghosh, D.; Chung, D. D. L. Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 18, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(83)90020-X	journal	October 1983
A fast and robust algorithm for Bader decomposition of charge density Henkelman, Graeme; Arnaldsson, Andri; Jónsson, Hannes Computational Materials Science, Vol. 36, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2005.04.010	journal	June 2006
Raman scattering as a probe of structural phase transitions in the intercalated graphite-bromine system Erbil, A.; Dresselhaus, G.; Dresselhaus, M. S. Physical Review B, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.25.5451	journal	April 1982
"Water-in-salt" electrolyte enables high-voltage aqueous lithium-ion chemistries Suo, L.; Borodin, O.; Gao, T. Science, Vol. 350, Issue 6263 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab1595	journal	November 2015
Structure and phase transitions of graphite intercalated with bromine Chung, D. D. L. Phase Transitions, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/01411598608215409	journal	December 1986
Self‐consistent molecular orbital methods. XXIII. A polarization‐type basis set for second‐row elements Francl, Michelle M.; Pietro, William J.; Hehre, Warren J. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 77, Issue 7, p. 3654-3665 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.444267	journal	October 1982
Intercalation compounds of graphite Dresselhaus, M. S.; Dresselhaus, G. Advances in Physics, Vol. 30, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/00018738100101367	journal	April 1981
A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu Grimme, Stefan; Antony, Jens; Ehrlich, Stephan The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 132, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3382344	journal	April 2010
Effect of the damping function in dispersion corrected density functional theory Grimme, Stefan; Ehrlich, Stephan; Goerigk, Lars Journal of Computational Chemistry, Vol. 32, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21759	journal	March 2011
Gaussian basis sets for accurate calculations on molecular systems in gas and condensed phases VandeVondele, Joost; Hutter, Jürg The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2770708	journal	September 2007
Unique aqueous Li-ion/sulfur chemistry with high energy density and reversibility Yang, Chongyin; Suo, Liumin; Borodin, Oleg Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703937114	journal	May 2017
Conversion cathodes for rechargeable lithium and lithium-ion batteries Wu, Feixiang; Yushin, Gleb Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE02326F	journal	January 2017
The Raman Frequency of Bromine Monochloride Stammreich, H.; Forneris, Roberto The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1699076	journal	May 1953
Kinetics and thermodynamics of intercalation of bromine in graphite—I. Experimental Axdal, S. H. Anderson; Chung, D. D. L. Carbon, Vol. 25, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(87)90117-5	journal	January 1987
Liquid Structure with Nano-Heterogeneity Promotes Cationic Transport in Concentrated Electrolytes Borodin, Oleg; Suo, Liumin; Gobet, Mallory ACS Nano, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b05664	journal	October 2017
In situ X-ray Diffraction Studies of Cation and Anion Intercalation into Graphitic Carbons for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications: In situ X-ray Diffraction Studies for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications Placke, Tobias; Schmuelling, Guido; Kloepsch, Richard Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, Vol. 640, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201400181	journal	July 2014
Introduction to XAFS Bunker, Grant https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809194	book	January 2010
Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal–amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium Kresse, G.; Hafner, J. Physical Review B, Vol. 49, Issue 20, p. 14251-14269 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.49.14251	journal	May 1994
Electrochemical Intercalation of PF ₆ into Graphite Seel, J. A.; Dahn, J. R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 147, Issue 3, p. 892-898 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1393288	journal	January 2000
Advanced High-Voltage Aqueous Lithium-Ion Battery Enabled by “Water-in-Bisalt” Electrolyte Suo, Liumin; Borodin, Oleg; Sun, Wei Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201602397	journal	April 2016
Narrowing the Gap between Theoretical and Practical Capacities in Li-Ion Layered Oxide Cathode Materials Radin, Maxwell D.; Hy, Sunny; Sina, Mahsa Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201602888	journal	July 2017
Structural studies of graphite intercalation compounds using ( $00 l$ ) x-ray diffraction Leung, S. Y.; Dresselhaus, M. S.; Underhill, C. Physical Review B, Vol. 24, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.24.3505	journal	September 1981
EXAFS analysis using FEFF and FEFFIT Newville, Matthew Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049500016290	journal	March 2001
Extended-x-ray-absorption-fine-structure study of the ${Br}_{2}$ -graphite system Heald, Steve M.; Stern, Edward A. Physical Review B, Vol. 17, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.17.4069	journal	May 1978
Towards greener and more sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage Larcher, D.; Tarascon, J-M. Nature Chemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2085	journal	November 2014
Polarizable Force Field Development and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ionic Liquids Borodin, Oleg The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 113, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp905220k	journal	August 2009
The Raman Spectra of Some Halogen Gas Hydrates. Anthonsen, J. W.; Kjekshus, A.; Nicholson, D. G. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, Vol. 29a https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.29a-0175	journal	January 1975
Crystal structure of graphite bromine lamellar compounds Sasa, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Mukaibo, T. Carbon, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(71)90021-2	journal	August 1971
Li–O₂ and Li–S batteries with high energy storage Bruce, Peter G.; Freunberger, Stefan A.; Hardwick, Laurence J. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 1, p. 19-29 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3191	journal	January 2012
Molecular dynamics simulation of a polymer chain in solution Dünweg, Burkhard; Kremer, Kurt The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 99, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465445	journal	November 1993
Thermodynamic and Mass Transport Properties of “LiAl” Wen, C. John Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 126, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2128939	journal	January 1979
Enabling the high capacity of lithium-rich anti-fluorite lithium iron oxide by simultaneous anionic and cationic redox Zhan, Chun; Yao, Zhenpeng; Lu, Jun Nature Energy, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-017-0043-6	journal	December 2017
Parallel Nanoimprint Forming of One-Dimensional Chiral Semiconductor for Strain-Engineered Optical Properties Wang, Yixiu; Jin, Shengyu; Wang, Qingxiao Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00493-3	journal	August 2020
Electronic structure of AlFeN films exhibiting crystallographic orientation change from c- to a-axis with Fe concentrations and annealing effect Tatemizo, Nobuyuki; Imada, Saki; Okahara, Kizuna Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58835-5	journal	February 2020
Lead palladium titanate: A room temperature nanoscale multiferroic thin film Mishra, K. K.; Instan, Alvaro A.; Kumari, Shalini Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59961-w	journal	February 2020
Graphite intercalation compounds Fischer, John E.; Thompson, Thomas E. Physics Today, Vol. 31, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2995104	journal	July 1978
Intercalation compounds of graphite Dresselhaus, M. S.; Dresselhaus, G. Advances in Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/00018730110113644	journal	January 2002
An Antifungal Polycyclic Tetramate Macrolactam, Heat-Stable Antifungal Factor (HSAF), Is a Novel Oxidative Stress Modulator in Lysobacter enzymogenes Yu, Lingjun; Li, Hui; Zhou, Zaichun Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 87, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03105-20	journal	April 2021
Gaussian basis sets for accurate calculations on molecular systems in gas and condensed phases J., VandeVondele,; J., Hutter, American Institute of Physics https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-3160	text	January 2007
Advanced High-Voltage Aqueous Lithium-Ion Battery Enabled by “Water-in-Bisalt” Electrolyte Suo, Liumin; Borodin, Oleg; Sun, Wei Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 128, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201602397	journal	April 2016
Chemical accuracy for the van der Waals density functional Klimes, J.; Bowler, D. R.; Michaelides, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0910.0438	preprint	January 2009
Separable Dual Space Gaussian Pseudo-potentials Goedecker, S.; Teter, M.; Hutter, J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.mtrl-th/9512004	text	January 1995

Cited By (27)

Electrode Engineering by Atomic Layer Deposition for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: From Traditional to Advanced Batteries Yu, Fan; Du, Lei; Zhang, Gaixia Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201906890	journal	December 2019
Porosity‐ and Graphitization‐Controlled Fabrication of Nanoporous Silicon@Carbon for Lithium Storage and Its Conjugation with MXene for Lithium‐Metal Anode An, Yongling; Tian, Yuan; Wei, Hao Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201908721	journal	December 2019
Boosting Zn‐Ion Energy Storage Capability of Hierarchically Porous Carbon by Promoting Chemical Adsorption Zhang, Haozhe; Liu, Qiyu; Fang, Yuanbin Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904948	journal	September 2019
Thick Electrode Batteries: Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges Kuang, Yudi; Chen, Chaoji; Kirsch, Dylan Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901457	journal	July 2019
A Coaxial‐Interweaved Hybrid Lithium Metal Anode for Long‐Lifespan Lithium Metal Batteries Chen, Xiao‐Ru; Li, Bo‐Quan; Zhu, Cheng Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201901932	journal	August 2019
Development of Safe and Sustainable Dual‐Ion Batteries Through Hybrid Aqueous/Nonaqueous Electrolytes Wrogemann, Jens Matthies; Künne, Sven; Heckmann, Andreas Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201902709	journal	January 2020
Halogenid‐basierte Materialien und Chemie für wiederaufladbare Batterien Zhao, Xiangyu; Zhao‐Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 132, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201902842	journal	January 2020
A Dual Plating Battery with the Iodine/[ZnI _x (OH ₂ ) _{4− x} ] ^{2− x} Cathode Hong, Jessica J.; Zhu, Liangdong; Chen, Cheng Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201909324	journal	September 2019
Exploiting Mechanistic Solvation Kinetics for Dual‐Graphite Batteries with High Power Output at Extremely Low Temperature Holoubek, John; Yin, Yijie; Li, Mingqian Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 131, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.201912167	journal	November 2019
Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries Zhao, Xiangyu; Zhao‐Karger, Zhirong; Fichtner, Maximilian Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 59, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201902842	journal	January 2020
Exploiting Mechanistic Solvation Kinetics for Dual‐Graphite Batteries with High Power Output at Extremely Low Temperature Holoubek, John; Yin, Yijie; Li, Mingqian Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201912167	journal	December 2019
Superior Selectivity and Tolerance towards Metal‐Ion Impurities of a Fe/N/C Catalyst for CO ₂ Reduction Yang, Hui‐Juan; Zhang, Xue; Hong, Yu‐Hao ChemSusChem, Vol. 12, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201901330	journal	July 2019
Enhancing Zn‐Ion Storage Capability of Hydrated Vanadium Pentoxide by the Strategic Introduction of La ³⁺ He, Jinjun; Liu, Xiaoqing; Zhang, Haozhe ChemSusChem, Vol. 13, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201902659	journal	March 2020
Structural Strategies for Germanium‐Based Anode Materials to Enhance Lithium Storage Hao, Jian; Wang, Yanxia; Guo, Qingjie Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, Vol. 36, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201900248	journal	August 2019
3D Oxygen‐Defective Potassium Vanadate/Carbon Nanoribbon Networks as High‐Performance Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries Yang, Wang; Dong, Liubing; Yang, Wu Small Methods, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201900670	journal	October 2019
Aqueous batteries get energetic Wu, Xianyong; Ji, Xiulei Nature Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-019-0300-3	journal	July 2019
Graphene-covered transition metal halide molecules as efficient and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions Zhang, Detao; Zhang, Jing; Gong, Lele Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04618f	journal	January 2019
Voltage issue of aqueous rechargeable metal-ion batteries Liu, Zhuoxin; Huang, Yan; Huang, Yang Chemical Society Reviews, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cs00131j	journal	January 2020
A zinc bromine “supercapattery” system combining triple functions of capacitive, pseudocapacitive and battery-type charge storage Yu, Feng; Zhang, Chunmei; Wang, Faxing Materials Horizons, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9mh01353a	journal	January 2020
Flexible all-in-one zinc-ion batteries Zhang, Yan; Wang, Qingrong; Bi, Songshan Nanoscale, Vol. 11, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr06476a	journal	January 2019
High performance polyanthraquinone/Co–Ni(OH) ₂ aqueous batteries based on hydroxyl and potassium insertion/extraction reactions Liu, Chang; Ma, Ting; Xia, Kexin Sustainable Energy & Fuels, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9se00598f	journal	January 2020
Rechargeable aqueous hybrid ion batteries: developments and prospects Ao, Huaisheng; Zhao, Yingyue; Zhou, Jie Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta06433h	journal	January 2019
Boosting the Zn-ion storage capability of birnessite manganese oxide nanoflorets by La ³⁺ intercalation Zhang, Haozhe; Liu, Qiyu; Wang, Jing Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta08418e	journal	January 2019
Designing a hybrid electrode toward high energy density with a staged Li ⁺ and PF ₆ ⁻ deintercalation/intercalation mechanism Hao, Junnan; Yang, Fuhua; Zhang, Shilin Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918442117	journal	January 2020
Benchmarking Conductivity Predictions of the Advanced Electrolyte Model (AEM) for Aqueous Systems Dave, Adarsh; Gering, Kevin L.; Mitchell, Jared M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 167, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0142001jes	journal	October 2019
A Dual Plating Battery with the Iodine/[ZnI _x (OH ₂ ) _{4− x} ] ^{2− x} Cathode Hong, Jessica J.; Zhu, Liangdong; Chen, Cheng Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201909324	journal	September 2019
Benchmarking conductivity predictions of the Advanced Electrolyte Model (AEM) for aqueous systems Dave, Adarsh; Gering, Kevin L.; Mitchell, Jared M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.06426	text	January 2019

Similar Records

Electrolyte design for Li-ion batteries under extreme operating conditions

Journal Article · Wed Feb 08 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Nature (London) · OSTI ID:1559969

Xu, Jijian; Zhang, Jiaxun; Pollard, Travis P.; +11 more

A disordered rock salt anode for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries

Journal Article · Wed Sep 02 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nature (London) · OSTI ID:1559969

Liu, Haodong; Zhu, Zhuoying; Yan, Qizhang; +23 more

A stable graphite electrode in superconcentrated LiTFSI-DME/DOL electrolyte and its application in lithium-sulfur full battery

Journal Article · Wed Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Materials Research Bulletin · OSTI ID:1559969

Zeng, Pan; Han, Yamiao; Duan, Xiaobo; +3 more

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE

Title: Aqueous Li-ion battery enabled by halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite

Citation Formats

References (57)

Cited By (27)

Similar Records

Related Subjects