Real-Time TEM Study of Nanopore Evolution in Battery Materials and Their Suppression for Enhanced Cycling Performance

Li, Qianqian; Du, Pengshan; Yuan, Yifei; Yao, Wentao; Ma, Zhongtao; Guo, Bingkun; Lyu, Yingchun; Wang, Peng; Wang, Hongtao; Nie, Anmin; Shahbazian-Yassar, Reza; Lu, Jun

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00491

Title: Real-Time TEM Study of Nanopore Evolution in Battery Materials and Their Suppression for Enhanced Cycling Performance

Journal Article · Fri Apr 05 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00491· OSTI ID:1559555

^[1]; Du, Pengshan ^[1]; Yuan, Yifei ^[2];

^[3]; Ma, Zhongtao ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Wang, Peng ^[1]; Wang, Hongtao ^[4];

^[1];

^[3];

^[5]

Shanghai Univ. (China). Materials Genome Inst.
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China). Center for X-mechanics
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division

Battery materials, which store energy by combining mechanisms of intercalation, conversion, and alloying, give promisingly high energy density but usually suffer from fast capacity decay due to the drastic volume change upon cycling. Particularly, the significant volume shrinkage upon mass (Li⁺, Na⁺, etc.) extraction inevitably leads to the formation of pores in materials and their final pulverization after cycling. It is necessary to explore the failure mechanism of such battery materials from the microscopic level in order to understand the evolution of porous structures. In this work, prototyped Sb₂Se₃ nanowires are targeted to understand the structural failures during repetitive (de)sodiation, which exhibits mainly alloying and conversion mechanisms. The fast growing nanosized pores embedded in the nanowire during desodiation are identified to be the key factor that weakens the mechanical strength of the material and thus cause a rapid capacity decrease. To suppress the pore development, we further limit the cutoff charge voltage in a half-cell against Na below a critical value where the conversion reaction of such a material system is yet happening, the result of which demonstrates significantly improved battery performance with well-maintained structural integrity. These results may shed some light on electrode failure investigation and rational design of advanced electrode materials with long cycling life.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Science Foundation (NSF) - Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences Division of Materials Research (MPS-DMR); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1559555

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 5; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 23 works

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