Analysis of the P-T and T-S phase boundary in discriminating suitable low global warming potential and low flammability refrigerants
- ORNL
Although several alternative low GWP refrigerants including natural have been proposed, the HVAC industry consensus on how to deal with the attendant issues is still evolving. This paper provides invaluable qualitative and quantitative insight into the peculiar phase boundary shapes of refrigerants, essential for understanding their application, and in evaluating existing and future refrigerants. The methodology is firmly grounded in the thermodynamics of phase equilibria and the criteria of positive-definiteness, a direct consequence of the Second Law and the existence of intermolecular forces (IMF). The formal methodology is strikingly easy to implement in practice and explains clearly why certain refrigerants display re-entrant behavior while others do not, and how one can choose the proper refrigerant for a given refrigeration or heat pump application. The paper shows how an evidence-based selection can be made among the 40 refrigerants analyzed in this study.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 1558544
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: The 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration - Montreal, , Canada - 8/24/2019 4:00:00 AM-8/30/2019 4:00:00 AM
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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