Electric double layer capacitance for ionic liquids in nanoporous electrodes: Effects of pore size and ion composition

Neal, Justin N.; Wesolowski, David J.; Henderson, Douglas; Wu, Jianzhong

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2017.10.128

Title: Electric double layer capacitance for ionic liquids in nanoporous electrodes: Effects of pore size and ion composition

Journal Article · Fri Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Molecular Liquids

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.10.128· OSTI ID:1557520

^[1];

^[2]; Henderson, Douglas ^[3]; Wu, Jianzhong ^[1]

Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States)

The energy density of an electric double layer (EDL) capacitor, a type of supercapacitor, depends on the ion distribution within the micropores of electrodes that are typically made of amorphous carbon. By using coarse-grained models and the classical density functional theory, we investigate the distributions of ionic species among different idealized nanopores in contact with an asymmetric ionic liquid mixture and the effects of the bulk electrolyte composition on capacitive energy storage. We find that a charged pore is always small-ion selective, provided all ions have the same valence and similar non-electrostatic interactions. While small ions enhance both the EDL capacitance and the accessibility of micropores, an ionic mixture containing ions of different sizes may yield a capacitance higher than those corresponding to pure ionic liquids. Furthermore, the increased capacitance may be attributed to more efficient ion packing near the charged surface. At certain conditions, the improvement is on a par with the anomalous capacitance rise for pure ionic liquids in electrodes with ultranarrow pores.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1557520

Journal Information:: Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 270, Issue C; ISSN 0167-7322

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 17 works

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Reduced Faradaic Contributions and Fast Charging of Nanoporous Carbon Electrodes in a Concentrated Sodium Nitrate Aqueous Electrolyte for Supercapacitors Abbas, Qamar; Gollas, Bernhard; Presser, Volker Energy Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201900430	journal	June 2019
A first-principles roadmap and limits to design efficient supercapacitor electrode materials Ali, Basant A.; Allam, Nageh K. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02614b	journal	January 2019
Reduced Faradaic Contributions and Fast Charging of Nanoporous Carbon Electrodes in a Concentrated Sodium Nitrate Aqueous Electrolyte for Supercapacitors Abbas, Qamar; Gollas, Bernhard; Presser, Volker Universität des Saarlandes https://doi.org/10.22028/d291-28899	collection	January 2019

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Porous electrodes
Capacitance
Ionic-liquid mixtures
EDL structure
Ion selectivity
Classical density functional theory

Title: Electric double layer capacitance for ionic liquids in nanoporous electrodes: Effects of pore size and ion composition

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