Chiral crossover in QCD at zero and non-zero chemical potentials

Bazavov, A.; Ding, H. -T.; Hegde, P.; Kaczmarek, O.; Karsch, F.; Karthik, N.; Laermann, E.; Lahiri, Anirban; Larsen, R.; Li, S. -T.; Mukherjee, Swagato; Ohno, H.; Petreczky, P.; Sandmeyer, H.; Schmidt, C.; Sharma, S.; Steinbrecher, P.

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2019.05.013

Title: Chiral crossover in QCD at zero and non-zero chemical potentials

Journal Article · Thu Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physics Letters B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.05.013· OSTI ID:1545894

Bazavov, A.;

; Hegde, P.; Kaczmarek, O.; Karsch, F.; Karthik, N.; Laermann, E.; Lahiri, Anirban; Larsen, R.; Li, S. -T.; Mukherjee, Swagato; Ohno, H.; Petreczky, P.; Sandmeyer, H.; Schmidt, C.; Sharma, S.; Steinbrecher, P.

We present results for pseudo-critical temperatures of QCD chiral crossovers at zero and non-zero values of baryon (B), strangeness (S), electric charge (Q), and isospin (I) chemical potentials µ_X=B,Q,S,I. The results were obtained using lattice QCD calculations carried out with two degenerate up and down dynamical quarks and a dynamical strange quark, with quark masses corresponding to physical values of pion and kaon masses in the continuum limit. By parameterizing pseudo-critical temperatures as T_c(µ_X) = T_c(0) [1 – κ^X₂ (µ_X/T_c(0))² – κ₄^X (µ_X/T_c(0))⁴], we determined κ^X₂ and κ^X₄ from Taylor expansions of chiral observables in µ_X . We obtained a precise result for T_c(0) = (156.5 ± 1.5) MeV. For analogous thermal conditions at the chemical freeze-out of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, i.e., µ_S (T, µ_B) and µ_Q(T, µ_B) fixed from strangeness-neutrality and isospin-imbalance, we found κ₂^B =0.012(4) and κ₄^B =0.000(4). For µ_B ≲ 300 MeV, the chemical freeze-out takes place in the vicinity of the QCD phase boundary, which coincides with the lines of constant energy density of 0.42(6) GeV/fm³ and constant entropy density of 3.7(5) fm^–3.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1545894

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1557713

Report Number(s):: BNL-211871-2019-JAAM; S0370269319303223; PII: S0370269319303223

Journal Information:: Physics Letters B, Journal Name: Physics Letters B Vol. 795 Journal Issue: C; ISSN 0370-2693

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Netherlands

Language:: English

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Cited by: 239 works

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