Self-Smoothing Anode for Achieving High-Energy Lithium Metal Batteries under Realistic Conditions

Niu, Chaojiang; Pan, Huilin; Xu, Wu; Xiao, Jie; Zhang, Jiguang; Luo, Langli; Wang, Chongmin; Mei, Donghai; Meng, Jiashen; Wang, Xuanpeng; Liu, Ziang; Mai, Liqiang; Liu, Jun

doi:10.1038/s41565-019-0427-9

Title: Self-Smoothing Anode for Achieving High-Energy Lithium Metal Batteries under Realistic Conditions

Journal Article · Mon Jun 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nature Nanotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0427-9· OSTI ID:1544607

Niu, Chaojiang ^[1]; Pan, Huilin ^[1];

^[1]; Xiao, Jie ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Meng, Jiashen ^[2]; Wang, Xuanpeng ^[2]; Liu, Ziang ^[2]; Mai, Liqiang ^[2]; Liu, Jun ^[1]

BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
Wuhan University of Technology

Solving the lithium (Li) metal problem is one of the most significant challenges for future high energy batteries. Despite significant efforts to stabilize Li-metal anode structures and prevent dendrite formation, achieving long cycling life in high energy cells remains extremely difficult due to a combination of complex failure modes involving accelerated anode degradation, and depletion of the electrolyte and the Li metal. Here, we report a stable and self-smoothing Li anode structure based on amine-functionalized three-dimensional (3D) carbon fibers for long-cycling life full cells under conditions required for high energy, rechargeable Li-metal batteries. Reversible and smooth Li deposition and stripping is realized on the new anode structure, in contrast with the porous and dendritic Li layers that develop on a pure Li-metal surface. The stable, self-smoothing anode coupled with high-capacity LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 delivers stable cycling using parameters for a high energy cell with a specific energy of more than 380 Wh kg-1, counting all active and inactive components in a single cell, in particular with a high cathode loading, thin Li metal and lean electrolyte. The cycling life of the cell is increased by more than an order of magnitude compared to the cell using a flat Li-metal anode.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1544607

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-135477

Journal Information:: Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 14, Issue 6

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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