A Mid-IR Selected Changing-look Quasar and Physical Scenarios for Abrupt AGN Fading

Stern, Daniel; McKernan, Barry; Graham, Matthew J.; Ford, K. E.  S.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Meisner, Aaron M.; Assef, Roberto J.; Baloković, Mislav; Brightman, Murray; Dey, Arjun; Drake, Andrew; Djorgovski, S. G.; Eisenhardt, Peter; Jun, Hyunsung D.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac726

Title: A Mid-IR Selected Changing-look Quasar and Physical Scenarios for Abrupt AGN Fading

Journal Article · Mon Aug 27 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac726· OSTI ID:1544065

^[1]; McKernan, Barry ^[2];

^[3]; Ford, K. E. S. ^[2]; Ross, Nicholas P. ^[4];

^[5];

^[6]; Baloković, Mislav ^[7]; Brightman, Murray ^[3];

^[8]; Drake, Andrew ^[3];

^[3]; Eisenhardt, Peter ^[1]; Jun, Hyunsung D. ^[9]

California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
Borough of Manhattan Community College, New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Science; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), New York, NY (United States); City Univ. (CUNY), NY (United States)
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Univ. of Edinburgh, Scotland (United Kingdom). Inst. for Astronomy
Berkeley Center or Cosmological Physics, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago (Chile)
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), Tuscon, AZ (United States) and La Serena (Chile)
Korea Inst. for Advanced Study, Seoul (Republic of Korea). School of Physics

We report a new changing-look quasar, WISE J105203.55+151929.5 at $$z$$ = 0.303, found by identifying highly mid-IR-variable quasars in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)/Near-Earth Object WISE Reactivation (NEOWISE) data stream. Compared to multiepoch mid-IR photometry of a large sample of SDSS-confirmed quasars, WISE J1052+1519 is an extreme photometric outlier, fading by more than a factor of two at 3.4 and 4.6 $$μ$$m since 2009. Swift target-of-opportunity observations in 2017 show even stronger fading in the soft X-rays compared to the ROSAT detection of this source in 1995, with at least a factor of 15 decrease. We obtained second-epoch spectroscopy with the Palomar telescope in 2017 that, when compared with the 2006 archival SDSS spectrum, reveals that the broad H$$β$$ emission has vanished and that the quasar has become significantly redder. The two most likely interpretations for this dramatic change are source fading or obscuration, where the latter is strongly disfavored by the mid-IR data. We discuss various physical scenarios that could cause such changes in the quasar luminosity over this timescale, and favor changes in the innermost regions of the accretion disk that occur on the thermal and heating/cooling front timescales. We discuss possible physical triggers that could cause these changes, and predict the multiwavelength signatures that could distinguish these physical scenarios.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1544065

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 864, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 79 works

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A systematic search for close supermassive black hole binaries in the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1507.07603	text	January 2015
Towards an Understanding of Changing-Look Quasars: An Archival Spectroscopic Search in SDSS Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Cales, Sabrina L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1509.03634	text	January 2015
Migration Traps in Disks Around Supermassive Black Holes Bellovary, Jillian; Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark; McKernan, Barry arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1511.00005	text	January 2015
Infrared Time Lags for the Periodic Quasar PG 1302-102 Jun, Hyunsung D.; Stern, Daniel; Graham, Matthew J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1511.01515	preprint	January 2015
IC 751: a new changing-look AGN discovered by NuSTAR Ricci, C.; Bauer, F. E.; Arevalo, P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.00702	text	January 2016
The Time-Domain Spectroscopic Survey: Understanding the Optically Variable Sky with SEQUELS in SDSS-III Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Green, Paul J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1602.02752	text	January 2016
Vanishing Absorption and Blueshifted Emission in FeLoBAL Quasars Rafiee, Alireza; Pirkola, Patrik; Hall, Patrick B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1604.06977	text	January 2016
The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS) - What is causing Mrk1018's return to the shadows after 30 years? Husemann, B.; Urrutia, T.; Tremblay, G. R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1609.04425	text	January 2016
iPTF16fnl: a faint and fast tidal disruption event in an E+A galaxy Blagorodnova, N.; Gezari, S.; Hung, T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.00965	text	January 2017
Cooling timescale of dust tori in dying active galactic nuclei Ichikawa, Kohei; Tazaki, Ryo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.03071	text	January 2017
Mid-infrared variability of changing-look AGN Sheng, Zhenfeng; Wang, Tinggui; Jiang, Ning arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1707.02686	text	January 2017
Mid-Infrared Selection of Active Galaxies Stern, Daniel; Eisenhardt, Peter; Gorjian, Varoujan arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0410523	text	January 2004
The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope Roming, P. W. A.; Kennedy, T. E.; Mason, K. O. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0507413	text	January 2005
The Swift X-ray Telescope Burrows, David N.; Hill, J. E.; Nousek, J. A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0508071	text	January 2005
Correcting for the Effects of Interstellar Extinction Fitzpatrick, Edward L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9809387	text	January 1998

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Results of a systematic search for outburst events in 1.4 million galaxies Drake, A. J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Graham, M. J. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 482, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2673	journal	October 2018
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MUSE observations of a changing-look AGN – I. The reappearance of the broad emission lines Raimundo, S. I.; Vestergaard, M.; Koay, J. Y. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz852	journal	March 2019
Extreme AGN variability: evidence of magnetically elevated accretion? Dexter, Jason; Begelman, Mitchell C. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 483, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/sly213	journal	November 2018
LIGO tells us LINERs are not optically thick RIAFs Ford, K. E. Saavik; McKernan, B. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 490, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnrasl/slz116	journal	October 2019
A Luminous Transient Event in a Sample of WISE -selected Variable AGNs Assef, R. J.; Prieto, J. L.; Stern, D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 866, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaddf7	journal	October 2018
Discovery of Dying Active Galactic Nucleus in Arp 187: Experience of Drastic Luminosity Decline within 10 ⁴ yr Ichikawa, Kohei; Ueda, Junko; Bae, Hyun-Jin The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf233	journal	January 2019
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Rapid “Turn-on” of Type-1 AGN in a Quiescent Early-type Galaxy SDSS1115+0544 Yan, Lin; Wang, Tinggui; Jiang, Ning The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab074b	journal	March 2019
Gemini Imaging of the Host Galaxies of Changing-look Quasars Charlton, Paul J. L.; Ruan, John J.; Haggard, Daryl The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0ec1	journal	May 2019
1ES 1927+654: An AGN Caught Changing Look on a Timescale of Months Trakhtenbrot, Benny; Arcavi, Iair; MacLeod, Chelsea L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab39e4	journal	September 2019
A New Class of Changing-look LINERs Frederick, Sara; Gezari, Suvi; Graham, Matthew J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3a38	journal	September 2019
The Analogous Structure of Accretion Flows in Supermassive and Stellar Mass Black Holes: New Insights from Faded Changing-look Quasars Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Eracleous, Michael The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3c1a	journal	September 2019
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Rapid Luminosity Decline and Subsequent Reformation of the Innermost Dust Distribution in the Changing-look AGN Mrk 590 Kokubo, Mitsuru; Minezaki, Takeo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.08946	text	January 2019
Initial results from a systematic search for changing-look active galactic nuclei selected via mid-infrared variability Sheng, Zhenfeng; Wang, Tinggui; Jiang, Ning arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.02904	text	January 2019
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