Reduced energetic particle transport models enable comprehensive time-dependent tokamak simulations

Podesta, Mario; Bardoczi, Laszlo; Collins, Cami; Gorelenkov, Nikolai N.; Heidbrink, William W.; Duarte, Vinicius N.; Kramer, Gerrit J.; Fredrickson, Eric D.; Gorelenkova, Marina; Kim, Doohyun; Liu, Deyong; Poli, Francesca M.; Van Zeeland, Michael A.; White, Roscoe B.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ab3112

Title: Reduced energetic particle transport models enable comprehensive time-dependent tokamak simulations

Journal Article · Thu Jul 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab3112· OSTI ID:1543445

^[1]; Bardoczi, Laszlo ^[2]; Collins, Cami ^[2]; Gorelenkov, Nikolai N. ^[1];

^[3];

^[1];

^[1]; Fredrickson, Eric D. ^[1]; Gorelenkova, Marina ^[1];

^[1];

^[3];

^[1];

^[2]; White, Roscoe B. ^[1]

Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States); Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)

Time-dependent integrated simulations through codes such as TRANSP are becoming an indispensable tool for the interpretation of existing experiments and predictions of optimized scenarios. For many practical cases, quantitative simulations need to include the effect of plasma instabilities on the evolution of a tokamak discharge. An example is the degradation in energetic particle (EP) confinement induced by instabilities, which in turn affects important source terms for heating, non-inductive current, and momentum in a simulation. The reduced-physics "kick model" provides phase-space resolved transport probability matrices to TRANSP that are used to account for enhanced EP transport by instabilities in addition to neoclassical transport. The model has recovered the measured Alfvén eigenmode (AE) spectrum on NSTX, NSTX-U and DIII-D, and has reproduced details of phase-space resolved fast ion diagnostic data measured on DIII-D for EP-driven modes and tearing modes. In general, the kick model has proven the potential of phase-space resolved EP simulations to unravel details of EP transport for detailed theory/experiment comparison and for scenario planning based on optimization of Neutral Beam (NB) injection parameters. In this work, the extension of the kick model to low-frequency instabilities such as Tearing Modes and fishbones, in addition to AEs, is assessed. The goal is to enable TRANSP simulations that retain the main effects of multiple types of instabilities through a common framework. Results from the NSTX/NSTX-U and DIII-D tokamaks show that the extension to "multi-mode" scenarios can expand the range of applicability of the model for more reliable, quantitative integrated simulations.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; FC02-04ER54698

OSTI ID:: 1543445

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 10; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 8 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (40)

Physics of Alfvén waves and energetic particles in burning plasmas Chen, Liu; Zonca, Fulvio Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 88, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.88.015008	journal	March 2016
Nonlinear response of driven systems in weak turbulence theory Berk, H. L.; Breizman, B. N.; Fitzpatrick, J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.871978	journal	May 1996
Fast ion profile stiffness due to the resonance overlap of multiple Alfvén eigenmodes Todo, Y.; Van Zeeland, M. A.; Heidbrink, W. W. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/11/112008	journal	July 2016
Destabilization of counter-propagating Alfvénic instabilities by tangential, co-current neutral beam injection Podestà, M.; Fredrickson, E. D.; Gorelenkova, M. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aab4ae	journal	June 2018
Prediction of nonlinear evolution character of energetic-particle-driven instabilities Duarte, V. N.; Berk, H. L.; Gorelenkov, N. N. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 57, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa6232	journal	March 2017
Verification and application of resonance broadened quasi-linear (RBQ) model with multiple Alfvénic instabilities Gorelenkov, N. N.; Duarte, V. N.; Collins, C. S. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087252	journal	July 2019
Integrated Tokamak modeling: When physics informs engineering and research planning Poli, Francesca Maria Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5021489	journal	May 2018
A reduced fast ion transport model for the tokamak transport code TRANSP Podestà, M.; Gorelenkova, M.; White, R. B. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/56/5/055003	journal	April 2014
Excitation of high‐ n toroidicity‐induced shear Alfvén eigenmodes by energetic particles and fusion alpha particles in tokamaks Fu, G. Y.; Cheng, C. Z. Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.860328	journal	November 1992
A Brief Introduction to the DIII-D Tokamak Luxon, J. L. Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A1042	journal	October 2005
Hamiltonian guiding center drift orbit calculation for plasmas of arbitrary cross section White, R. B.; Chance, M. S. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 27, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.864527	journal	January 1984
Fast-ion transport by Alfvén eigenmodes above a critical gradient threshold Heidbrink, W. W.; Collins, C. S.; Podestà, M. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4977535	journal	May 2017
Fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic for NSTX Heidbrink, W. W.; Bell, R. E.; Luo, Y. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 77, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2221902	journal	October 2006
New techniques for calculating heat and particle source rates due to neutral beam injection in axisymmetric tokamaks Goldston, R. J.; McCune, D. C.; Towner, H. H. Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 43, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(81)90111-X	journal	September 1981
Representation of ideal magnetohydrodynamic modes White, R. B. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4791661	journal	February 2013
Quantitative modeling of neoclassical tearing mode driven fast ion transport in integrated TRANSP simulations Bardóczi, L.; Podestà, M.; Heidbrink, W. W. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 61, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab0f08	journal	April 2019
Fast particle finite orbit width and Larmor radius effects on low- n toroidicity induced Alfvén eigenmode excitation Gorelenkov, N. N.; Cheng, C. Z.; Fu, G. Y. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.873545	journal	July 1999
Development and validation of a critical gradient energetic particle driven Alfven eigenmode transport model for DIII-D tilted neutral beam experiments Waltz, R. E.; Bass, E. M.; Heidbrink, W. W. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 55, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/12/123012	journal	October 2015
Computation of resistive instabilities by matched asymptotic expansions Glasser, A. H.; Wang, Z. R.; Park, J. -K. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4967862	journal	November 2016
Impact of neoclassical tearing mode–turbulence multi-scale interaction in global confinement degradation and magnetic island stability Bardóczi, L.; Carter, T. A.; La Haye, R. J. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5004987	journal	December 2017
Overview of the physics and engineering design of NSTX upgrade Menard, J. E.; Gerhardt, S.; Bell, M. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 52, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/52/8/083015	journal	July 2012
Energetic particle physics in fusion research in preparation for burning plasma experiments Gorelenkov, N. N.; Pinches, S. D.; Toi, K. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 54, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/54/12/125001	journal	November 2014
Extended fast-ion D-alpha diagnostic on DIII-D Muscatello, C. M.; Heidbrink, W. W.; Taussig, D. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3475367	journal	October 2010
Validating predictive models for fast ion profile relaxation in burning plasmas Gorelenkov, N. N.; Heidbrink, W. W.; Kramer, G. J. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 56, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/11/112015	journal	July 2016
Stability of Plasma Vedenov, A. A.; Velikhov, E. P.; Sagdeev, Roal'd Z. Soviet Physics Uspekhi, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1070/PU1961v004n02ABEH003341	journal	February 1961
1.5D quasilinear model and its application on beams interacting with Alfvén eigenmodes in DIII-D Ghantous, K.; Gorelenkov, N. N.; Berk, H. L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4752011	journal	September 2012
Line broadened quasi-linear burst model [fusion plasma] Berk, H. L.; Breizman, B. N.; Fitzpatrick, J. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 35, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/35/12/I30	journal	December 1995
Non-perturbative measurement of cross-field thermal diffusivity reduction at the O-point of 2/1 neoclassical tearing mode islands in the DIII-D tokamak Bardóczi, L.; Rhodes, T. L.; Carter, T. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948560	journal	May 2016
Gyrokinetic δf particle simulations of toroidicity-induced Alfvén eigenmode Lang, Jianying; Chen, Yang; Parker, Scott E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 16, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3243493	journal	October 2009
Simulations of beam ion transport during tearing modes in the DIII-D tokamak Carolipio, E. M.; Heidbrink, W. W.; Forest, C. B. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 42, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/42/7/308	journal	July 2002
Modification of particle distributions by MHD instabilities I White, R. B. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.02.013	journal	May 2012
Computation of Alfvèn eigenmode stability and saturation through a reduced fast ion transport model in the TRANSP tokamak transport code Podestà, M.; Gorelenkova, M.; Gorelenkov, N. N. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aa7977	journal	July 2017
Basic physics of Alfvén instabilities driven by energetic particles in toroidally confined plasmas Heidbrink, W. W. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 15, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2838239	journal	May 2008
Energetic particle instabilities in fusion plasmas Sharapov, S. E.; Alper, B.; Berk, H. L. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 53, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/53/10/104022	journal	September 2013
The phase-space dependence of fast-ion interaction with tearing modes Heidbrink, W. W.; Bardoczi, L.; Collins, C. S. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 58, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aab7b6	journal	July 2018
Chapter 5: Physics of energetic ions Fasoli, A.; Gormenzano, C.; Berk, H. L. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 47, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/47/6/S05	journal	June 2007
Plasma simulation studies using multilevel physics models Park, W.; Belova, E. V.; Fu, G. Y. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 6, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.873437	journal	May 1999
The tokamak Monte Carlo fast ion module NUBEAM in the National Transport Code Collaboration library Pankin, Alexei; McCune, Douglas; Andre, Robert Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 159, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2003.11.002	journal	June 2004
Bounce precession fishbones in the national spherical torus experiment Fredrickson, Eric; Chen, Liu; White, Roscoe Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 43, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/43/10/029	journal	October 2003
Prediction of Nonlinear Evolution Character of Energetic-Particle-Driven Instabilities Duarte, Vinicius; Berk, Herbert; Gorelenkov, Nikolai arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.05059	text	January 2016

Cited By (1)

Summary of the 27th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference in the categories of EX/W, EX/D, and ICC Ida, K. Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 59, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab3811	journal	September 2019