Brown dwarf census with the Dark Energy Survey year 3 data and the thin disc scale height of early L types

Journal Article · Thu Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2398· OSTI ID:1566910

Carnero Rosell, A.  ^[1]; Santiago, B. ^[2]; dal Ponte, M. ^[3]; Burningham, B.  ^[4]; da Costa, L. N. ^[5]; James, D. J. ^[6]; Marshall, J. L. ^[7]; McMahon, R. G. ^[8]; Bechtol, K. ^[9]; De Paris, L. ^[3]; Li, T. ^[10]; Pieres, A. ^[5]; García-Bellido, J. ^[11]; Abbott, T. M. C. ^[12]; Annis, J. ^[13]; Avila, S.  ^[11]; Bernstein, G. M. ^[14]; Brooks, D. ^[15]; Burke, D. L. ^[16]; Carrasco Kind, M. ^[17] ; Carretero, J. ^[18]; De Vicente, J. ^[19]; Drlica-Wagner, A. ^[20]; Fosalba, P. ^[21]; Frieman, J. ^[10]; Gaztanaga, E. ^[21]; Gruendl, R. A. ^[17]; Gschwend, J. ^[5]; Gutierrez, G. ^[13]; Hollowood, D. L. ^[22]; Maia, M. A. G. ^[5]; Menanteau, F. ^[17]; Miquel, R. ^[23]; Plazas, A. A.  ^[24]; Roodman, A. ^[16]; Sanchez, E. ^[19]; Scarpine, V. ^[13]; Schindler, R. ^[25]; Serrano, S. ^[21]; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ^[19]; Smith, M. ^[26]; Sobreira, F. ^[27]; Soares-Santos, M. ^[28]; Suchyta, E.  ^[29]; Swanson, M. E. C. ^[30]; Tarle, G. ^[31]; Vikram, V. ^[32]; Walker, A. R. ^[12]

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1. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense, 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain, Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil, Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
2. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil, Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
3. Instituto de Física, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
4. Center for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
5. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil, Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil
6. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, 20 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
7. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
8. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK, Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
9. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706-1390, USA, LSST, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
10. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
11. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
12. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
13. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
14. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
15. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
16. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, PO Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
17. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
18. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
19. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Av. Complutense, 40, 28040, Madrid, Spain
20. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
21. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain, Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
22. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
23. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
24. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
25. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
26. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
27. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia – LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20921-400, Brazil, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
28. Physics Department, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
29. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
30. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
31. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
32. Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA

In this paper we present a catalogue of 11745 brown dwarfs with spectral types ranging from L0 to T9, photometrically classified using data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) year 3 release matched to the Vista Hemisphere Survey (VHS) DR3 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data, covering ≈2400 deg² up to i_AB = 22. The classification method follows the same phototype method previously applied to SDSS-UKIDSS-WISE data. We note the most significant difference comes from the use of DES data instead of SDSS, which allow us to classify almost an order of magnitude more brown dwarfs than any previous search and reaching distances beyond 400 pc for the earliest types. Next, we also present and validate the GalmodBD simulation, which produces brown dwarf number counts as a function of structural parameters with realistic photometric properties of a given survey. We use this simulation to estimate the completeness and purity of our photometric LT catalogue down to i_AB = 22, as well as to compare to the observed number of LT types. We put constraints on the thin disc scale height for the early L (L0–L3) population to be around 450 pc, in agreement with previous findings. For completeness, we also publish in a separate table a catalogue of 20863 M dwarfs that passed our colour cut with spectral types greater than M6. Both the LT and the late M catalogues are found at DES release page https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/other/y3-mlt.

• Research Organization: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: DES Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-00OR22725; AST-1138766; AST-1536171; AC02-07CH11359; AC02-76SF00515; 465376/2014-2; AYA2015-71825; ESP2015-66861; FPA2015-68048; SEV-2016-0588; SEV-2016-0597; MDM-2015-0509; 240672; 291329; 306478; CE110001020; SC0019193
• OSTI ID: 1566910
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1542176; OSTI ID: 1606728; OSTI ID: 1634118; OSTI ID: 1688383
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-19-104-AE; arXiv:1903.10806; DES-2017-0293
• Journal Information: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 489 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 0035-8711
• Publisher: Royal Astronomical Society
• Country of Publication: United Kingdom
• Language: English

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
techniques: photometric
catalogues
surveys
brown dwarfs
Galaxy: fundamental parameters
infrared: stars