Non-linear violent disc instability with high Toomre's Q in high-redshift clumpy disc galaxies

Inoue, Shigeki; Dekel, Avishai; Mandelker, Nir; Ceverino, Daniel; Bournaud, Frédéric; Primack, Joel

doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2793

Title: Non-linear violent disc instability with high Toomre's Q in high-redshift clumpy disc galaxies

Journal Article · Wed Dec 30 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv2793· OSTI ID:1542105

Inoue, Shigeki ^[1]; Dekel, Avishai ^[1]; Mandelker, Nir ^[1]; Ceverino, Daniel ^[2]; Bournaud, Frédéric ^[3]; Primack, Joel ^[4]

The Hebrew Univ., Jerusalem (Israel)
Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), Madrid (Spain); Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid (Spain)
CEA/DSM-CNRS-Univ. Paris Diderot, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)

We utilize zoom-in cosmological simulations to study the nature of violent disc instability in clumpy galaxies at high redshift, z = 1–5. Our simulated galaxies are not in the ideal state assumed in Toomre instability, of linear fluctuations in an isolated, uniform, rotating disc. There, instability is characterized by a Q parameter below unity, and lower when the disc is thick. Instead, the high-redshift discs are highly perturbed. Over long periods they consist of non-linear perturbations, compact massive clumps and extended structures, with new clumps forming in interclump regions. This is while the galaxy is subject to frequent external perturbances. We compute the local, two-component Q parameter for gas and stars, smoothed on a ~1 kpc scale to capture clumps of 10^8-9 M_⊙. The Q < 1 regions are confined to collapsed clumps due to the high surface density there, while the interclump regions show Q significantly higher than unity. Tracing the clumps back to their relatively smooth Lagrangian patches, we find that Q prior to clump formation typically ranges from unity to a few. This is unlike the expectations from standard Toomre instability. We discuss possible mechanisms for high-Q clump formation, e.g. rapid turbulence decay leading to small clumps that grow by mergers, non-axisymmetric instability, or clump formation induced by non-linear perturbations in the disc. Alternatively, the high-Q non-linear VDI may be stimulated by the external perturbations such as mergers and counter-rotating streams. In conclusion, the high Q may represent excessive compressive modes of turbulence, possibly induced by tidal interactions.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1542105

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 456, Issue 2; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 78 works

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Diversity of the Lyman continuum escape fractions of high-z galaxies and its origins Sumida, Takumi; Kashino, Daichi; Hasegawa, Kenji Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 475, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty044	journal	January 2018
A unified model for galactic discs: star formation, turbulence driving, and mass transport Krumholz, Mark R.; Burkhart, Blakesley; Forbes, John C. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 477, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty852	journal	April 2018
The imprint of clump formation at high redshift – I. A disc α-abundance dichotomy Clarke, Adam J.; Debattista, Victor P.; Nidever, David L. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 484, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz104	journal	January 2019
Towards a radially resolved semi-analytic model for the evolution of disc galaxies tuned with machine learning Forbes, John C.; Krumholz, Mark R.; Speagle, Joshua S. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 487, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1473	journal	June 2019
Time-average properties of z ∼ 0.6 major mergers: mergers significantly scatter high-z scaling relations Puech, M.; Flores, H.; Rodrigues, M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 488, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1754	journal	June 2019
Clumpy galaxies in cosmological simulations: the effect of ISM model Inoue, Shigeki; Yoshida, Naoki Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 488, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2076	journal	July 2019
A contribution of star-forming clumps and accreting satellites to the mass assembly of z ∼ 2 galaxies Zanella, A.; Le Floc’h, E.; Harrison, C. M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 489, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2099	journal	August 2019
Studying the physical properties of tidal features – I. Extracting morphological substructure in CANDELS observations and VELA simulations Mantha, Kameswara Bharadwaj; McIntosh, Daniel H.; Ciaschi, Cody P. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz872	journal	March 2019
Structure and stability of high-redshift galaxies in cosmological simulations Meng, Xi; Gnedin, Oleg Y.; Li, Hui Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 486, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz925	journal	March 2019
Clumpy Galaxies in CANDELS. II. Physical Properties of UV-bright Clumps at 0.5 ≤ z < 3 Guo, Yicheng; Rafelski, Marc; Bell, Eric F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa018	journal	January 2018
Two Thresholds for Globular Cluster Formation and the Common Occurrence of Massive Clusters in the Early Universe Elmegreen, Bruce G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaed45	journal	December 2018
Distinguishing Mergers and Disks in High-redshift Observations of Galaxy Kinematics Simons, Raymond C.; Kassin, Susan A.; Snyder, Gregory F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab07c9	journal	March 2019
Size Scaling of Clump Instabilities in Turbulent, Feedback-regulated Disks Ali, Kamran; Obreschkow, Danail; Wang, Liang The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 874, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab0b41	journal	April 2019
The Evolution and Origin of Ionized Gas Velocity Dispersion from z ∼ 2.6 to z ∼ 0.6 with KMOS 3D Übler, H.; Genzel, R.; Wisnioski, E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 880, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab27cc	journal	July 2019
A Noncorotating Gas Component in an Extreme Starburst at z = 4.3 Tadaki, Ken-ichi; Iono, Daisuke; Yun, Min S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab64f4	journal	February 2020
What drives gravitational instability in nearby star-forming spirals? The impact of CO and HI velocity dispersions Romeo, Alessandro B.; Mogotsi, Keoikantse Moses arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1701.02138	text	January 2017
A unified model for the maximum mass-scales of molecular clouds, stellar clusters, and high-redshift clumps Reina-Campos, Marta; Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1704.00732	text	January 2017
A Unified Model for Galactic Discs: Star Formation, Turbulence Driving, and Mass Transport Krumholz, Mark R.; Burkhart, Blakesley; Forbes, John C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.00106	text	January 2017
Towards a radially-resolved semi-analytic model for the evolution of disc galaxies tuned with machine learning Forbes, John C.; Krumholz, Mark R.; Speagle, Joshua S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1810.12919	text	January 2018
Distinguishing Mergers and Disks in High Redshift Observations of Galaxy Kinematics Simons, Raymond C.; Kassin, Susan A.; Snyder, Gregory F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1902.06762	text	January 2019
Size-scaling of clump instabilities in turbulent, feedback regulated disks Ali, Kamran; Obreschkow, Danail; Wang, Liang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1902.11034	text	January 2019
Clumpy galaxies in cosmological simulations: The effect of ISM model Inoue, Shigeki; Yoshida, Naoki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.06822	text	January 2019
A contribution of star-forming clumps and accreting satellites to the mass assembly of z ~ 2 galaxies Zanella, A.; Floc'h, E. Le; Harrison, C. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.12136	text	January 2019
A non-corotating gas component in an extreme starburst at z=4.3 Tadaki, Ken-ichi; Iono, Daisuke; Yun, Min S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.04638	text	January 2020

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