Mercury in Active-Layer Tundra Soils of Alaska: Concentrations, Pools, Origins, and Spatial Distribution

Olson, C.; Jiskra, M.; Biester, H.; Chow, J.; Obrist, D.

doi:10.1029/2017gb005840

Mercury in Active-Layer Tundra Soils of Alaska: Concentrations, Pools, Origins, and Spatial Distribution

Journal Article · Tue Jun 19 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Global Biogeochemical Cycles

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2017gb005840· OSTI ID:1539722

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Chow, J. ^[4]; Obrist, D. ^[5]

Desert Research Inst. (DRI), Reno, NV (United States); DOE/OSTI
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse (France)
Technische Univ. Braunschweig (Germany)
Desert Research Inst. (DRI), Reno, NV (United States)
Desert Research Inst. (DRI), Reno, NV (United States); Univ. of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (United States)

Tundra soils serve as major sources of mercury (Hg) input to the Arctic Ocean via river runoff and coastal erosion; yet little information is available on tundra soil Hg concentrations, pool sizes, origins, and dynamics. We present a detailed investigation of Hg in the active layer (upper ~100 cm subject to seasonal thaw) of tundra soils across 11 sites in Alaska. Soil Hg concentrations in organic horizons (151 ± 7 μg/kg) were in the upper range of temperate soil organic horizons, and concentrations in mineral horizons (98 ± 6 μg/kg) were much higher than in temperate soils. Soil Hg concentrations declined from inland to coastal sites, in contrast to a hypothesized northward increase expected because of proximity to coastal atmospheric mercury depletion events. Principle component analyses and elemental ratios results show that exogenic sources dominated over geogenic sources—in A-horizons (66 ± 4%) and mineral B-horizons (51 ± 1%). ¹⁴C age-dating suggested recent origins of Hg in surface soils but showed that mineral soils (more than 7,300 years old) must have accumulated atmospheric inputs across millennia leading to high soil concentrations and pools. We estimated a total Northern Hemisphere active-layer tundra soil Hg pool of 184 Gg (range of 136 to 274 Gg), suggesting a globally important Hg storage pool. Tundra soils are subject to seasonal thaw and freeze dynamics, thereby providing large inputs to rivers, lakes, and the Arctic Ocean. Understanding processes that mobilize Hg from tundra soils will be critical to understanding future Arctic wildlife and human Hg exposures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0014275

OSTI ID:: 1539722

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1461015

Journal Information:: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Name: Global Biogeochemical Cycles Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 32; ISSN 0886-6236

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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