Atmospheric evidence for a global secular increase in carbon isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis

Keeling, Ralph F.; Graven, Heather D.; Welp, Lisa R.; Resplandy, Laure; Bi, Jian; Piper, Stephen C.; Sun, Ying; Bollenbacher, Alane; Meijer, Harro A.  J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1619240114

Atmospheric evidence for a global secular increase in carbon isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis

Journal Article · Mon Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619240114· OSTI ID:1535353

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[3]; Resplandy, Laure ^[4]; Bi, Jian ^[4]; Piper, Stephen C. ^[4]; Sun, Ying ^[5]; Bollenbacher, Alane ^[4]; Meijer, Harro A. J. ^[6]

Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography; DOE/OSTI
Imperial College London, London (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics and Grantham Inst.
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States). Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography
Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). School of Integrative Plant Science
Univ. of Groningen, Groningen (The Netherlands). Center for Isotope Research

First, a decrease in the ¹³C/¹²C ratio of atmospheric CO₂ has been documented by direct observations since 1978 and from ice core measurements since the industrial revolution. This decrease, known as the ¹³C-Suess effect, is driven primarily by the input of fossil fuel-derived CO₂ but is also sensitive to land and ocean carbon cycling and uptake. Using updated records, we show that no plausible combination of sources and sinks of CO₂ from fossil fuel, land, and oceans can explain the observed ¹³C-Suess effect unless an increase has occurred in the ¹³C/¹²C isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis. A trend toward greater discrimination under higher CO₂ levels is broadly consistent with tree ring studies over the past century, with field and chamber experiments, and with geological records of C₃ plants at times of altered atmospheric CO₂, but increasing discrimination has not previously been included in studies of long-term atmospheric ¹³C/¹²C measurements. In our paper, we further show that the inferred discrimination increase of 0.014 ± 0.007‰ ppm^-1 is largely explained by photorespiratory and mesophyll effects. This result implies that, at the global scale, land plants have regulated their stomatal conductance so as to allow the CO₂ partial pressure within stomatal cavities and their intrinsic water use efficiency to increase in nearly constant proportion to the rise in atmospheric CO₂ concentration.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012167

OSTI ID:: 1535353

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 39 Vol. 114; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
carbon cycle
carbon-13 Suess effect
isotope
photosynthesis
science & technology
water use efficiency

Atmospheric evidence for a global secular increase in carbon isotopic discrimination of land photosynthesis

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