A Robust and Conductive Black Tin Oxide Nanostructure Makes Efficient Lithium-Ion Batteries Possible
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Molecular Sciences. State Key Lab. of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; DOE/OSTI
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China). State Key Lab. of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures. Shanghai Inst. of Ceramics
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Molecular Sciences. State Key Lab. of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Beijing Univ. of Technology (China). Inst. of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials
- Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). Beijing National Lab. for Molecular Sciences. State Key Lab. of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China). State Key Lab. of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures. Shanghai Inst. of Ceramics
SnO2-based lithium-ion batteries have low cost and high energy density, but their capacity fades rapidly during lithiation/delithiation due to phase aggregation and cracking. These problems can be mitigated by using highly conducting black SnO2-x, which homogenizes the redox reactions and stabilizes fine, fracture-resistant Sn precipitates in the Li2O matrix. Such fine Sn precipitates and their ample contact with Li2O proliferate the reversible Sn → Li xSn → Sn → SnO2/SnO2-x cycle during charging/discharging. SnO2-x electrode has a reversible capacity of 1340 mAh g-1 and retains 590 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles. The addition of highly conductive, well-dispersed reduced graphene oxide further stabilizes and improves its performance, allowing 950 mAh g-1 remaining after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g-1 with 700 mAh g-1 at 2.0 A g-1. Conductivity-directed microstructure development may offer a new approach to form advanced electrodes.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); Peking Univ., Beijing (China); Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai (China)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai (China); Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0007064
- OSTI ID:
- 1533039
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1401538
- Journal Information:
- Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 24 Vol. 29; ISSN 0935-9648
- Publisher:
- WileyCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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