Chemical Bath Deposition of p-Type Transparent, Highly Conducting (CuS)x:(ZnS)1–x Nanocomposite Thin Films and Fabrication of Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

Xu, Xiaojie; Bullock, James; Schelhas, Laura T.; Stutz, Elias Z.; Fonseca, Jose J.; Hettick, Mark; Pool, Vanessa L.; Tai, Kong Fai; Toney, Michael F.; Fang, Xiaosheng; Javey, Ali; Wong, Lydia Helena; Ager, Joel W.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05124

Chemical Bath Deposition of p-Type Transparent, Highly Conducting (CuS)_x:(ZnS)_1–x Nanocomposite Thin Films and Fabrication of Si Heterojunction Solar Cells

Journal Article · Mon Feb 08 00:00:00 EST 2016 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05124· OSTI ID:1530231

Xu, Xiaojie ^[1]; Bullock, James ^[2]; Schelhas, Laura T. ^[3]; Stutz, Elias Z. ^[4]; Fonseca, Jose J. ^[2]; Hettick, Mark ^[2]; Pool, Vanessa L. ^[3]; Tai, Kong Fai ^[5]; Toney, Michael F. ^[3]; Fang, Xiaosheng ^[6]; Javey, Ali ^[2]; Wong, Lydia Helena ^[5]; Ager, Joel W. ^[2]

Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne (Switzerland)
Nanyang Technological Univ. (Singapore)
Fudan Univ., Shanghai (China)

P-type transparent conducting films of nanocrystalline (CuS)_x:(ZnS)_1–x were synthesized by facile and low-cost chemical bath deposition. Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to evaluate the nanocomposite structure, which consists of sub-5 nm crystallites of sphalerite ZnS and covellite CuS. Film transparency can be controlled by tuning the size of the nanocrystallites, which is achieved by adjusting the concentration of the complexing agent during growth; optimal films have optical transmission above 70% in the visible range of the spectrum. The hole conductivity increases with the fraction of the covellite phase and can be as high as 1000 S cm^-1, which is higher than most reported p-type transparent materials and approaches that of n-type transparent materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) synthesized at a similar temperature. Heterojunction p-(CuS)_x:(ZnS)_1–x/n-Si solar cells were fabricated with the nanocomposite film serving as a hole-selective contact. Under 1 sun illumination, an open circuit voltage of 535 mV was observed. This value compares favorably to other emerging heterojunction Si solar cells which use a low temperature process to fabricate the contact, such as single-walled carbon nanotube/Si (370-530 mV) and graphene/Si (360-552 mV).

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515; EE0004946; SC0004993

OSTI ID:: 1530231

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1579819
OSTI ID: 1256523

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 16; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (75)

Transparent Conducting Oxides for Photovoltaics Delahoy, Alan E.; Guo, Sheyu Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470974704.ch17	book	January 2011
Li-Doped Cr ₂ MnO ₄ : A New p-Type Transparent Conducting Oxide by Computational Materials Design Peng, Haowei; Zakutayev, Andriy; Lany, Stephan Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201300807	journal	May 2013
Controlled Growth from ZnS Nanoparticles to ZnS-CdS Nanoparticle Hybrids with Enhanced Photoactivity Xu, Xiaojie; Hu, Linfeng; Gao, Nan Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201403065	journal	November 2014
Graphene-On-Silicon Schottky Junction Solar Cells Li, Xinming; Zhu, Hongwei; Wang, Kunlin Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200904383	journal	April 2010
Oxide Semiconductor Thin-Film Transistors: A Review of Recent Advances Fortunato, E.; Barquinha, P.; Martins, R. Advanced Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201103228	journal	May 2012
Low-Cost, Flexible, and Self-Cleaning 3D Nanocone Anti-Reflection Films for High-Efficiency Photovoltaics Tsui, Kwong-Hoi; Lin, Qingfeng; Chou, Hungtao Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304938	journal	January 2014
Carbon Nanotube-Silicon Solar Cells Tune, Daniel D.; Flavel, Benjamin S.; Krupke, Ralph Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200249	journal	June 2012
Effect of EDTA concentration on the physical and optical properties of Cds thin films Prem kumar, T.; Sankaranarayanan, K. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 91, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20677	journal	November 2011
p-type transparent conducting oxides Sheng, Su; Fang, Guojia; Li, Chun physica status solidi (a), Vol. 203, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200521479	journal	June 2006
Transparent and conductive Al-doped ZnO films for solar cells applications Grilli, Maria Luisa; Sytchkova, Anna; Boycheva, Sylvia physica status solidi (a), Vol. 210, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201200547	journal	December 2012
Copper-alloyed ZnS as a p-type transparent conducting material Diamond, Anthony M.; Corbellini, Luca; Balasubramaniam, K. R. physica status solidi (a), Vol. 209, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201228181	journal	August 2012
Coatings made by sol–gel and chemical nanotechnology Aegerter, M. A.; Almeida, R.; Soutar, A. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-008-1761-9	journal	June 2008
Conductivity anisotropy and structural phase transition in Covellite CuS Liang, W.; Whangbo, M. -H. Solid State Communications, Vol. 85, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-1098(93)90689-K	journal	February 1993
Preparation of transparent p-type (La1−xSrxO)CuS thin films by r.f. sputtering technique Hiramatsu, Hidenori; Ueda, Kazushige; Ohta, Hiromichi Thin Solid Films, Vol. 411, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00200-6	journal	May 2002
Effects of complexing agent on CdS thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition Zhang, Hui; Ma, Xiangyang; Yang, Deren Materials Letters, Vol. 58, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00394-X	journal	January 2004
Chemical deposition method for metal chalcogenide thin films Mane, R. S.; Lokhande, C. D. Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 65, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00217-0	journal	June 2000
Effect of precursor concentration and bath temperature on the growth of chemical bath deposited tin sulphide thin films Jayasree, Y.; Chalapathi, U.; Uday Bhaskar, P. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 258, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.10.124	journal	January 2012
Fluorine-doped tin oxide surfaces modified by self-assembled alkanethiols for thin-film devices Alves, A. C. T.; Gomes, D. J. C.; Silva, J. R. Applied Surface Science, Vol. 279 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.04.025	journal	August 2013
Optoelectronic properties of Cu1−xPtxFeO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) delafossite for p-type transparent conducting oxide Ruttanapun, Chesta; Prachamon, Wutthisak; Wichainchai, Aree Current Applied Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2011.05.028	journal	January 2012
Harnessing light energy with a planar transparent hybrid of graphene/single wall carbon nanotube/n-type silicon heterojunction solar cell Chen, Leifeng; Yu, Hua; Zhong, Jiasong Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 178 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.082	journal	October 2015
Room temperature deposition of Al-doped ZnO thin films on glass by RF magnetron sputtering under different Ar gas pressure Kim, Deok Kyu; Kim, Hong Bae Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 509, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.09.047	journal	January 2011
Preparation and characteristics of chemical bath deposited ZnS thin films: Effects of different complexing agents Shin, Seung Wook; Agawane, G. L.; Gang, Myeng Gil Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.02.084	journal	June 2012
In situ growth of CuS thin films on functionalized self-assembled monolayers using chemical bath deposition Lu, Yongjuan; Meng, Xu; Yi, Gewen Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 356, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.01.031	journal	April 2011
Influence of the complexing agent (Na2-EDTA) on the structural, morphological, electrical and optical properties of chemically deposited FeSe thin films Ubale, A. U.; Sakhare, Y. S.; Bombatkar, S. M. Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 48, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2013.05.064	journal	September 2013
p-Type transparent Cu doped ZnS thin films by the chemical bath deposition method Ortíz-Ramos, Daniela E.; González, Luis A.; Ramirez-Bon, Rafael Materials Letters, Vol. 124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.03.082	journal	June 2014
Recent developments in the emerging field of crystalline p-type transparent conducting oxide thin films Banerjee, A. N.; Chattopadhyay, K. K. Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials, Vol. 50, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrysgrow.2005.10.001	journal	January 2005
Annealing and light effect on structural, optical and electrical properties of CuS, CuZnS and ZnS thin films grown by the SILAR method Ali Yildirim, M.; Ateş, Aytunç; Astam, Aykut Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, Vol. 41, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2009.04.014	journal	August 2009
ZnS nanostructures: From synthesis to applications Fang, Xiaosheng; Zhai, Tianyou; Gautam, Ujjal K. Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 56, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2010.10.001	journal	February 2011
Optimized chemical bath deposited CdS layers for the improvement of CdTe solar cells Han, Junfeng; Spanheimer, C.; Haindl, G. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 95, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.10.027	journal	March 2011
Molybdenum and tungsten oxide: High work function wide band gap contact materials for hole selective contacts of silicon solar cells Bivour, Martin; Temmler, Jan; Steinkemper, Heiko Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.05.031	journal	November 2015
Transparent conducting oxides for electrode applications in light emitting and absorbing devices Liu, Huiyong; Avrutin, V.; Izyumskaya, N. Superlattices and Microstructures, Vol. 48, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2010.08.011	journal	November 2010
Transparent conducting oxide films for thin film silicon photovoltaics Beyer, W.; Hüpkes, J.; Stiebig, H. Thin Solid Films, Vol. 516, Issue 2-4, p. 147-154 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.08.110	journal	December 2007
Ammonia-free chemical bath deposition of nanocrystalline ZnS thin film buffer layer for solar cells Goudarzi, Alireza; Aval, Ghaffar Motedayen; Sahraei, Reza Thin Solid Films, Vol. 516, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.09.051	journal	June 2008
Room temperature deposition of Al-doped ZnO films on quartz substrates by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering and effects of thermal annealing Yang, Weifeng; Wu, Zhengyun; Liu, Zhuguang Thin Solid Films, Vol. 519, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.07.048	journal	October 2010
Structural and optoelectronic properties of p-type semiconductor CuAlO2 thin films Yu, Ruei-Sung; Yin, Hui-Hsun Thin Solid Films, Vol. 526 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.033	journal	December 2012
Graphene/Silicon Nanowire Schottky Junction for Enhanced Light Harvesting Fan, Guifeng; Zhu, Hongwei; Wang, Kunlin ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/am1010354	journal	February 2011
Nature of Holes, Oxidation States, and Hypervalency in Covellite (CuS) Conejeros, Sergio; Moreira, Ibério de P. R.; Alemany, Pere Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 53, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ic502436a	journal	November 2014
Selective Sulphide Precipitation of Heavy Metals from Acidic Polymetallic Aqueous Solution by Thioacetamide Gharabaghi, Mahdi; Irannajad, Mehdi; Azadmehr, Amir Reza Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 51, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/ie201832x	journal	June 2011
Water Oxidation and Oxygen Monitoring by Cobalt-Modified Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Electrodes Kent, Caleb A.; Concepcion, Javier J.; Dares, Christopher J. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja400616a	journal	June 2013
p-Type Transparent Conducting Oxide/n-Type Semiconductor Heterojunctions for Efficient and Stable Solar Water Oxidation Chen, Le; Yang, Jinhui; Klaus, Shannon Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 137, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b03536	journal	July 2015
Al-Doped ZnO Thin Film: A New Transparent Conducting Layer for ZnO Nanowire-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Lee, Sung-Hae; Han, Se-Hoon; Jung, Hyun Suk The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 114, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1008412	journal	March 2010
First-Principles Calculations and Electron Density Topological Analysis of Covellite (CuS) Morales-García, A.; Soares, Antonio Lenito; Dos Santos, Egon C. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 118, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4114706	journal	February 2014
Achieving High Efficiency Silicon-Carbon Nanotube Heterojunction Solar Cells by Acid Doping Jia, Yi; Cao, Anyuan; Bai, Xi Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl2002632	journal	May 2011
Visible Light Photocatalytic H ₂ -Production Activity of CuS/ZnS Porous Nanosheets Based on Photoinduced Interfacial Charge Transfer Zhang, Jun; Yu, Jiaguo; Zhang, Yimin Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl202587b	journal	November 2011
High Efficiency Graphene Solar Cells by Chemical Doping Miao, Xiaochang; Tongay, Sefaattin; Petterson, Maureen K. Nano Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl204414u	journal	May 2012
Record High Efficiency Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Silicon p – n Junction Solar Cells Jung, Yeonwoong; Li, Xiaokai; Rajan, Nitin K. Nano Letters, Vol. 13, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl3035652	journal	December 2012
High Efficiency Solution Processed Sintered CdTe Nanocrystal Solar Cells: The Role of Interfaces Panthani, Matthew G.; Kurley, J. Matthew; Crisp, Ryan W. Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl403912w	journal	January 2014
Hole Selective MoO _x Contact for Silicon Solar Cells Battaglia, Corsin; Yin, Xingtian; Zheng, Maxwell Nano Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl404389u	journal	January 2014
Vertically Aligned p-Type Single-Crystalline GaN Nanorod Arrays on n-Type Si for Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells Tang, Y. B.; Chen, Z. H.; Song, H. S. Nano Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl801728d	journal	December 2008
Record Mobility in Transparent p-Type Tin Monoxide Films and Devices by Phase Engineering Caraveo-Frescas, Jesus A.; Nayak, Pradipta K.; Al-Jawhari, Hala A. ACS Nano, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn400852r	journal	May 2013
P-type electrical conduction in transparent thin films of CuAlO2 Kawazoe, Hiroshi; Yasukawa, Masahiro; Hyodo, Hiroyuki Nature, Vol. 389, Issue 6654 https://doi.org/10.1038/40087	journal	October 1997
Room-temperature fabrication of transparent flexible thin-film transistors using amorphous oxide semiconductors Nomura, Kenji; Ohta, Hiromichi; Takagi, Akihiro Nature, Vol. 432, Issue 7016, p. 488-492 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03090	journal	November 2004
Identification and design principles of low hole effective mass p-type transparent conducting oxides Hautier, Geoffroy; Miglio, Anna; Ceder, Gerbrand Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3292	journal	August 2013
Past achievements and future challenges in the development of optically transparent electrodes Ellmer, Klaus Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.282	journal	November 2012
Conducting polymer composite film incorporated with aligned carbon nanotubes for transparent, flexible and efficient supercapacitor Lin, Huijuan; Li, Li; Ren, Jing Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01353	journal	February 2013
Transparent electrode requirements for thin film solar cell modules Rowell, Michael W.; McGehee, Michael D. Energy Environ. Sci., Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C0EE00373E	journal	January 2011
Developing an understanding of the processes controlling the chemical bath deposition of ZnS and CdS O'Brien, Paul; McAleese, John Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/a804692a	journal	January 1998
Enhanced efficiency of graphene/silicon heterojunction solar cells by molecular doping Cui, Tongxiang; Lv, Ruitao; Huang, Zheng-Hong Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 1, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta01634j	journal	January 2013
SrCu2O2: A p -type conductive oxide with wide band gap Kudo, Atsushi; Yanagi, Hiroshi; Hosono, Hideo Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 73, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.121761	journal	July 1998
p -type conductivity in CuCr1−xMgxO2 films and powders Nagarajan, R.; Draeseke, A. D.; Sleight, A. W. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 89, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1372636	journal	June 2001
Fabrication and microstructure of p-type transparent conducting CuS thin film and its application in dye-sensitized solar cell Yuan, K. D.; Wu, J. J.; Liu, M. L. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2991441	journal	September 2008
Graphene based Schottky junction solar cells on patterned silicon-pillar-array substrate Feng, Tingting; Xie, Dan; Lin, Yuxuan Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3665404	journal	December 2011
A parallel dipole line system Gunawan, Oki; Virgus, Yudistira; Tai, Kong Fai Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4907931	journal	February 2015
Recent progress in high performance and reliable n-type transition metal oxide-based thin film transistors Yeon Kwon, Jang; Kyeong Jeong, Jae Semiconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 30, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/30/2/024002	journal	January 2015
Hybrid solar cells based on single-walled carbon nanotubes/Si heterojunctions Ong, Pang-Leen; Euler, William B.; Levitsky, Igor A. Nanotechnology, Vol. 21, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/21/10/105203	journal	February 2010
Electronic band structure of indium tin oxide and criteria for transparent conducting behavior Mryasov, O.; Freeman, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 64, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.64.233111	journal	December 2001
Band-structure-corrected local density approximation study of semiconductor quantum dots and wires Li, Jingbo; Wang, Lin-Wang Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.125325	journal	September 2005
Conducting mechanism in the epitaxial p -type transparent conducting oxide C r 2 O 3 : Mg Farrell, L.; Fleischer, K.; Caffrey, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 91, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.91.125202	journal	March 2015
24.7% Record Efficiency HIT Solar Cell on Thin Silicon Wafer Taguchi, Mikio; Yano, Ayumu; Tohoda, Satoshi IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2282737	journal	January 2014
A 12% Efficient Silicon/PEDOT:PSS Heterojunction Solar Cell Fabricated at < 100 °C Nagamatsu, Ken A.; Avasthi, Sushobhan; Jhaveri, Janam IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2287758	journal	January 2014
p -type transparent conducting In2O3–Ag2O thin films prepared by reactive electron beam evaporation technique Asbalter, J.; Subrahmanyam, A. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 18, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.582405	journal	July 2000
Electrochemical Deposition of Cu x S and Cu x Zn y S Thin Films with p-Type Conduction and Photosensitivity Yang, Kai; Nakashima, Yuki; Ichimura, Masaya Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 159, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.042203jes	journal	January 2012
FTO films deposited in transition and oxide modes by magnetron sputtering using Sn metal target Liao, bohuei; Chan, Shih-Hao; Lee, Cheng-Chung Optical Interference Coatings https://doi.org/10.1364/OIC.2013.WC.7	conference	January 2013
High-efficiency Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: A Review De Wolf, Stefaan; Descoeudres, Antoine; Holman, Zachary C. green, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1515/green-2011-0018	journal	January 2012
Transparent p -Type Conducting Oxides: Design and Fabrication of p-n Heterojunctions Kawazoe, Hiroshi; Yanagi, Hiroshi; Ueda, Kazushige MRS Bulletin, Vol. 25, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.148	journal	August 2000

Cited By (16)

Microchannel contacting of crystalline silicon solar cells Bullock, James; Ota, Hiroki; Wang, Hanchen Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08913-y	journal	August 2017
Design Principles and Material Engineering of ZnS for Optoelectronic Devices and Catalysis Xu, Xiaojie; Li, Siyuan; Chen, Jiaxin Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201802029	journal	June 2018
Synthesis of 2D Metal Chalcogenide Thin Films through the Process Involving Solution‐Phase Deposition Giri, Anupam; Park, Gyeongbae; Yang, Heeseung Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707577	journal	April 2018
A Real-Time Wearable UV-Radiation Monitor based on a High-Performance p-CuZnS/n-TiO ₂ Photodetector Xu, Xiaojie; Chen, Jiaxin; Cai, Sa Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201803165	journal	August 2018
Materials and Designs for Wearable Photodetectors Cai, Sa; Xu, Xiaojie; Yang, Wei Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201808138	journal	February 2019
Self-Powered n-SnO ₂ /p-CuZnS Core-Shell Microwire UV Photodetector with Optimized Performance Cai, Jian; Xu, Xiaojie; Su, Longxing Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201800213	journal	May 2018
Transparent Electrodes for Efficient Optoelectronics Morales-Masis, Monica; De Wolf, Stefaan; Woods-Robinson, Rachel Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201600529	journal	March 2017
Facile Synthesis of Copper Sulfide Nanosheet@Graphene Oxide for the Anode of Potassium‐Ion Batteries Jia, Xinxin; Zhang, Erjin; Yu, Xinzhi Energy Technology, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201900987	journal	September 2019
Tunable self‐powered n‐SrTiO ₃ photodetectors based on varying CuS‐ZnS nanocomposite film (p‐CuZnS, p‐CuS, and n‐ZnS) Zhang, Yong; Xu, Xiaojie; Fang, Xiaosheng InfoMat, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/inf2.12035	journal	August 2019
Solution-Processed Transparent Self-Powered p-CuS-ZnS/n-ZnO UV Photodiode Xu, Xiaojie; Shukla, Sudhanshu; Liu, Ya physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201700381	journal	December 2017
Compositional, Structural, Morphological, Optical and Electrical Property Evolutions in MOCVD Cu-Zn-S Thin Films Prepared at Different Temperatures Using a Single Solid Source Precursor Efe, F. O.; Olofinjana, B.; Fasakin, O. Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 48, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07636-2	journal	September 2019
Passivating contacts for crystalline silicon solar cells Allen, Thomas G.; Bullock, James; Yang, Xinbo Nature Energy, Vol. 4, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0463-6	journal	September 2019
Rational design of transparent p-type conducting non-oxide materials from high-throughput calculations Kormath Madam Raghupathy, Ramya; Kühne, Thomas D.; Felser, Claudia Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05311h	journal	January 2018
Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of Cu _0.25 Zn _0.75 S nanodisks by metallic Ag loading in the visible-light region Zhang, Jinyang; Kang, Fuyan; Peng, Hao RSC Advances, Vol. 9, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ra10365h	journal	January 2019
Quantum capacitance of CuS:Ce ³⁺ quantum dots as high-performing supercapacitor electrodes Chuai, Mingyan; Yang, Tianye; Zhang, Mingzhe Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 6, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta01388h	journal	January 2018
Three-dimensional helical inorganic thermoelectric generators and photodetectors for stretchable and wearable electronic devices Xu, Xiaojie; Zuo, Yong; Cai, Sa Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01183d	journal	January 2018

Similar Records

Sputtered p-Type Cu_xZn_1–xS Back Contact to CdTe Solar Cells

Journal Article · Tue May 05 20:00:00 EDT 2020 · ACS Applied Energy Materials · OSTI ID:1660149

High figure-of-merit p-type transparent conductor, Cu alloyed ZnS via radio frequency magnetron sputtering

Journal Article · Wed Nov 22 19:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics · OSTI ID:1476574

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
chemical bath deposition
heterojunctions
p-type
photovoltaics
transparent conducting materials