Phonon Coupling between a Nanomechanical Resonator and a Quantum Fluid

Fong, King Yan; Jin, Dafei; Poot, Menno; Bruch, Alexander; Tang, Hong X.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00821

Title: Phonon Coupling between a Nanomechanical Resonator and a Quantum Fluid

Journal Article · Tue Apr 30 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00821· OSTI ID:1527136

^[1]; Jin, Dafei ^[2]; Poot, Menno ^[3]; Bruch, Alexander ^[1]; Tang, Hong X. ^[1]

Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States); Technische Univ. Munchen, Garching (Germany)

Owing to their extraordinary sensitivity to external forces, nanomechanical systems have become an important tool for studying mesoscopic physics and realizing hybrid quantum systems. While nanomechanics has been widely applied in solid-state systems, its use in liquid receives less attention. There it finds unique applications such as biosensing, rheological sensing, and studying both classical and quantum fluid dynamics in unexplored regimes. In this work, we demonstrate efficient coupling of a nano-optomechanical resonator to a bosonic quantum fluid, superfluid 4He, through ultrahigh-frequency phonons (i.e., sound waves) approaching gigahertz frequencies. A high phonon exchange efficiency >92% and minimum excitation rate of 0.25 phonons per oscillations period, or equivalently k_BT/hf_mQ_m = 0.044 << 1, are achieved. Based on our experimental results, we further predict that strong coupling between a nanomechanical resonator and superfluid cavity phonons with cooperativity up to 880 can be achieved. Finally, our study opens new opportunities in controlling and manipulating superfluid at the nanoscale and low-excitation level.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); U.S. Army Research Laboratory

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1527136

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 6; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 5 works

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Probing superfluid ${}^{4}{He}$ with high-frequency nanomechanical resonators down to millikelvin temperatures Guénault, A. M.; Guthrie, A.; Haley, R. P. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.020506	journal	July 2019

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fluid dynamics
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Title: Phonon Coupling between a Nanomechanical Resonator and a Quantum Fluid

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