Polymers with Tailored Electronic Structure for High Capacity Lithium Battery Electrodes

Liu, Gao; Xun, Shidi; Vukmirovic, Nenad; Song, Xiangyun; Olalde-Velasco, Paul; Zheng, Honghe; Battaglia, Vince S.; Wang, Linwang; Yang, Wanli

doi:10.1002/adma.201102421

Title: Polymers with Tailored Electronic Structure for High Capacity Lithium Battery Electrodes

Journal Article · Mon Sep 12 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201102421· OSTI ID:1511333

Liu, Gao ^[1]; Xun, Shidi ^[1]; Vukmirovic, Nenad ^[1]; Song, Xiangyun ^[1]; Olalde-Velasco, Paul ^[1]; Zheng, Honghe ^[1]; Battaglia, Vince S. ^[1]; Wang, Linwang ^[1]; Yang, Wanli ^[1]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

A conductive polymer is developed for solving the long-standing volume change issue in lithium battery electrodes. Here, a combination of synthesis, spectroscopy and simulation techniques tailors the electronic structure of the polymer to enable in situ lithium doping. Composite anodes based on this polymer and commercial Si particles exhibit 2100 mAh g^-1 in Si after 650 cycles without any conductive additive.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1511333

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 40; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 444 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (42)

Optimization of Acetylene Black Conductive Additive and PVDF Composition for High-Power Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Cells Liu, G.; Zheng, H.; Simens, A. S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2792293	journal	January 2007
Reversible Cycling of Crystalline Silicon Powder Obrovac, M. N.; Krause, L. J. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2402112	journal	January 2007
A density functional study of lithium bulk and surfaces Doll, K.; Harrison, N. M.; Saunders, V. R. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 11, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/11/26/305	journal	January 1999
Why does the B3LYP hybrid functional fail for metals? Paier, Joachim; Marsman, Martijn; Kresse, Georg The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2747249	journal	July 2007
An In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Reaction of Li with Crystalline Si Li, Jing; Dahn, J. R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2409862	journal	January 2007
Lithium polyacrylate as a binder for tin–cobalt–carbon negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries Li, Jing; Le, Dinh-Ba; Ferguson, P. P. Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 55, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.01.011	journal	March 2010
All-Solid Lithium Electrodes with Mixed-Conductor Matrix Boukamp, B. A. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 128, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2127495	journal	January 1981
High-Capacity Lithium–Air Cathodes Beattie, S. D.; Manolescu, D. M.; Blair, S. L. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3005989	journal	January 2009
High-performance lithium-ion anodes using a hierarchical bottom-up approach Magasinski, A.; Dixon, P.; Hertzberg, B. Nature Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 4, p. 353-358 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2725	journal	March 2010
Failure Modes of Silicon Powder Negative Electrode in Lithium Secondary Batteries Ryu, Ji Heon; Kim, Jae Woo; Sung, Yung-Eun Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 10, p. A306-A309 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1792242	journal	January 2004
Polyaniline: Doping, structure and derivatives Ray, A.; Asturias, G. E.; Kershner, D. L. Synthetic Metals, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(89)90289-0	journal	March 1989
Electrochemical Characteristics of Alkali-Metal Doped Polyacetylene Electrodes Jow, T. R. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 135, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2095654	journal	January 1988
Silicon/Graphite Composite Electrodes for High-Capacity Anodes: Influence of Binder Chemistry on Cycling Stability Hochgatterer, N. S.; Schweiger, M. R.; Koller, S. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2888173	journal	January 2008
High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires Chan, Candace K.; Peng, Hailin; Liu, Gao Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 3, Issue 1, p. 31-35 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.411	journal	December 2007
Improvement of cycling stability of Si anode by mechanochemcial reduction and carbon coating Liu, Y.; Wen, Z. Y.; Wang, X. Y. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 189, Issue 1, p. 480-484 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.045	journal	April 2009
A review of the electrochemical performance of alloy anodes for lithium-ion batteries Zhang, Wei-Jun Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.07.020	journal	January 2011
Studies of Si[sub 1−x]C[sub x] Electrode Materials Prepared by High-Energy Mechanical Milling and Combinatorial Sputter Deposition Timmons, A.; Todd, A. D. W.; Mead, S. D. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2755782	journal	January 2007
Silicon Composite Electrode with High Capacity and Long Cycle Life Mazouzi, D.; Lestriez, B.; Roué, L. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3212894	journal	January 2009
Toward Efficient Binders for Li-Ion Battery Si-Based Anodes: Polyacrylic Acid Magasinski, Alexandre; Zdyrko, Bogdan; Kovalenko, Igor ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/am100871y	journal	October 2010
Effects of Various Conductive Additive and Polymeric Binder Contents on the Performance of a Lithium-Ion Composite Cathode Liu, G.; Zheng, H.; Kim, S. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2976031	journal	January 2008
Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging Kang, Byoungwoo; Ceder, Gerbrand Nature, Vol. 458, Issue 7235, p. 190-193 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07853	journal	March 2009
In Situ Observation of the Electrochemical Lithiation of a Single SnO₂ Nanowire Electrode Huang, J. Y.; Zhong, L.; Wang, C. M. Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6010, p. 1515-1520 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1195628	journal	December 2010
Highly Reversible Lithium Storage in Nanostructured Silicon Graetz, J.; Ahn, C. C.; Yazami, R. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1596917	journal	January 2003
Si Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries—A New Way to Look at an Old Problem Beattie, S. D.; Larcher, D.; Morcrette, M. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2817828	journal	January 2008
Novel nano-silicon/polypyrrole composites for lithium storage Chew, S. Y.; Guo, Z. P.; Wang, J. Z. Electrochemistry Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.11.028	journal	May 2007
A Critical Size of Silicon Nano-Anodes for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries Kim, Hyejung; Seo, Minho; Park, Mi-Hee Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 49, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200906287	journal	March 2010
Functionally Strain-Graded Nanoscoops for High Power Li-Ion Battery Anodes Krishnan, Rahul; Lu, Toh-Ming; Koratkar, Nikhil Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl102981d	journal	February 2011
Building a Better Battery Chiang, Yet-Ming Science, Vol. 330, Issue 6010 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1198591	journal	December 2010
Core Level Spectroscopy of Solids de Groot, Frank; Kotani, Akio CRC Press https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420008425	book	January 2008
Interconnected Silicon Hollow Nanospheres for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes with Long Cycle Life Yao, Yan; McDowell, Matthew T.; Ryu, Ill Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 7, p. 2949-2954 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl201470j	journal	July 2011
Study on Polymer Binders for High-Capacity SiO Negative Electrode of Li-Ion Batteries Komaba, Shinichi; Shimomura, Keiji; Yabuuchi, Naoaki The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 115, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp201691g	journal	June 2011
Preparation and Characterization of Si∕C Composite Coated with Polyaniline as Novel Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries Liu, Y.; Matsumura, T.; Imanishi, N. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2056427	journal	January 2005
Stress generation and fracture in lithium insertion materials Christensen, John; Newman, John Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-006-0095-1	journal	March 2006
Enhanced Cycle Life of Si Anode for Li-Ion Batteries by Using Modified Elastomeric Binder Liu, Wei-Ren; Yang, Mo-Hua; Wu, Hung-Chun Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1847685	journal	January 2005
Superior Lithium Electroactive Mesoporous Si@Carbon Core−Shell Nanowires for Lithium Battery Anode Material Kim, Hyesun; Cho, Jaephil Nano Letters, Vol. 8, Issue 11, p. 3688-3691 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl801853x	journal	November 2008
Crystalline-Amorphous Core−Shell Silicon Nanowires for High Capacity and High Current Battery Electrodes Cui, Li-Feng; Ruffo, Riccardo; Chan, Candace K. Nano Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 1, p. 491-495 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl8036323	journal	January 2009
Theoretical Analysis of Stresses in a Lithium Ion Cell Renganathan, Sindhuja; Sikha, Godfrey; Santhanagopalan, Shriram Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 157, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3261809	journal	January 2010
Nanostructured Silicon Anodes for Lithium Ion Rechargeable Batteries Teki, Ranganath; Datta, Moni K.; Krishnan, Rahul Small, Vol. 5, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.200900382	journal	October 2009
Study of silicon/polypyrrole composite as anode materials for Li-ion batteries Guo, Z. P.; Wang, J. Z.; Liu, H. K. Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 146, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.112	journal	August 2005
A Critical Size of Silicon Nano-Anodes for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries Kim, Hyejung; Seo, Minho; Park, Mi-Hee Angewandte Chemie, Vol. 122, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.200906287	journal	March 2010
High-performance lithium battery anodes using silicon nanowires Chan, Candace K.; Peng, Hailin; Liu, Gao Materials for Sustainable Energy: A Collection of Peer-Reviewed Research and Review Articles from Nature Publishing Group, p. 187-191 https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814317665_0026	book	October 2010
Building a better battery Kugler, Logan Communications of the ACM, Vol. 62, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1145/3303710	journal	February 2019

Cited By (92)

Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid Liu, Jun; Zhang, Ji-Guang; Yang, Zhenguo Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201200690	journal	June 2012
A High-Energy Li-Ion Battery Using a Silicon-Based Anode and a Nano-Structured Layered Composite Cathode Chae, Changju; Noh, Hyung-Joo; Lee, Jung Kyoo Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 24, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303766	journal	February 2014
Regulated Breathing Effect of Silicon Negative Electrode for Dramatically Enhanced Performance of Li-Ion Battery Xiao, Xingcheng; Zhou, Weidong; Kim, Youngnam Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201403629	journal	January 2015
A Robust Ion-Conductive Biopolymer as a Binder for Si Anodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries Liu, Jie; Zhang, Qian; Zhang, Tao Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201500589	journal	May 2015
Highly Stretchable Conductive Glue for High-Performance Silicon Anodes in Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries Wang, Lei; Liu, Tiefeng; Peng, Xiang Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201704858	journal	November 2017
A Highly Stretchable Cross-Linked Polyacrylamide Hydrogel as an Effective Binder for Silicon and Sulfur Electrodes toward Durable Lithium-Ion Storage Zhu, Xingyu; Zhang, Fei; Zhang, Li Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201705015	journal	January 2018
25th Anniversary Article: Polymer-Particle Composites: Phase Stability and Applications in Electrochemical Energy Storage Srivastava, Samanvaya; Schaefer, Jennifer L.; Yang, Zichao Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201303070	journal	December 2013
Reversible High-Capacity Si Nanocomposite Anodes for Lithium-ion Batteries Enabled by Molecular Layer Deposition Piper, Daniela Molina; Travis, Jonathan J.; Young, Matthias Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304714	journal	December 2013
Ideal Three-Dimensional Electrode Structures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Chabi, Sakineh; Peng, Chuang; Hu, Di Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201305095	journal	December 2013
Systematic Molecular-Level Design of Binders Incorporating Meldrum's Acid for Silicon Anodes in Lithium Rechargeable Batteries Kwon, Tae-woo; Jeong, You Kyeong; Lee, Inhwa Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201402950	journal	October 2014
High Power-High Energy Sodium Battery Based on Threefold Interpenetrating Network Zhu, Changbao; Kopold, Peter; van Aken, Peter A. Advanced Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201505943	journal	January 2016
A “Sticky” Mucin-Inspired DNA-Polysaccharide Binder for Silicon and Silicon-Graphite Blended Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Kim, Sunjin; Jeong, You Kyeong; Wang, Younseon Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707594	journal	May 2018
Nanostructured Functional Hydrogels as an Emerging Platform for Advanced Energy Technologies Zhao, Fei; Bae, Jiwoong; Zhou, Xingyi Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801796	journal	August 2018
Strategies for Building Robust Traffic Networks in Advanced Energy Storage Devices: A Focus on Composite Electrodes Wang, Yu; Fu, Xuewei; Zheng, Min Advanced Materials https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804204	journal	December 2018
Conformal Coatings of Cyclized-PAN for Mechanically Resilient Si nano-Composite Anodes Piper, Daniela Molina; Yersak, Thomas A.; Son, Seoung-Bum Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200850	journal	March 2013
A Three-Dimensionally Interconnected Carbon Nanotube-Conducting Polymer Hydrogel Network for High-Performance Flexible Battery Electrodes Chen, Zheng; To, John W. F.; Wang, Chao Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201400207	journal	April 2014
High-Areal-Capacity Silicon Electrodes with Low-Cost Silicon Particles Based on Spatial Control of Self-Healing Binder Chen, Zheng; Wang, Chao; Lopez, Jeffrey Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201401826	journal	January 2015
Gum‐Like Nanocomposites as Conformable, Conductive, and Adhesive Electrode Matrix for Energy Storage Devices Wang, Yu; Gozen, Arda; Chen, Lu Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201601767	journal	November 2016
Surface and Interface Engineering of Silicon-Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries Luo, Wei; Chen, Xinqi; Xia, Yuan Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201701083	journal	July 2017
Enhanced Ion Conductivity in Conducting Polymer Binder for High-Performance Silicon Anodes in Advanced Lithium-Ion Batteries Zeng, Wenwu; Wang, Lei; Peng, Xiang Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702314	journal	January 2018
A Review of Functional Binders in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Yuan, Hong; Huang, Jia-Qi; Peng, Hong-Jie Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201802107	journal	October 2018
Trifunctional Electrode Additive for High Active Material Content and Volumetric Lithium-Ion Electrode Densities Liu, Tiefeng; Tong, Chuan-Jia; Wang, Bo Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803390	journal	January 2019
Polymer Binders Constructed through Dynamic Noncovalent Bonds for High‐Capacity Silicon‐Based Anodes Pan, Yiyang; Gao, Shilun; Sun, Feiyuan Chemistry – A European Journal, Vol. 25, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900988	journal	September 2009
Crop-Derived Polysaccharides as Binders for High-Capacity Silicon/Graphite-Based Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Murase, Masahiro; Yabuuchi, Naoaki; Han, Zhen-Ji ChemSusChem, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201200650	journal	November 2012
Confronting the Challenges of Next‐Generation Silicon Anode‐Based Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Role of Designer Electrolyte Additives and Polymeric Binders Eshetu, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie; Figgemeier, Egbert ChemSusChem, Vol. 12, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201900209	journal	May 2019
3D Porous NaTi ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ with Long Life, Superior Rate, and Low‐Temperature Properties Hu, Qiao; Liao, Jiaying; Xu, Rui Energy Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201900386	journal	May 2019
Systematic structural characterization of high‐density porous silicon anodes in lithium‐ion batteries Yuca, Neslihan; Çolak, Uner; Liu, Gao Energy Storage, Vol. 1, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.78	journal	August 2019
Effect of Morphologically Different Conductive Agents on the Performance of Silicon Anode in Lithium-Ion Batteries Madzvamuse, Alfred; Hamenu, Louis; Mohammed, Latifatu ChemistrySelect, Vol. 3, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201802259	journal	October 2018
Amphiphilic Graft Copolymers as a Versatile Binder for Various Electrodes of High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries Lee, Jung-In; Kang, Hyojin; Park, Kwang Hyun Small, Vol. 12, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201600800	journal	April 2016
Group IVA Element (Si, Ge, Sn)-Based Alloying/Dealloying Anodes as Negative Electrodes for Full-Cell Lithium-Ion Batteries Liu, Dequan; Liu, Zheng jiao; Li, Xiuwan Small, Vol. 13, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201702000	journal	October 2017
Silicon-Based Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: From Fundamentals to Practical Applications Feng, Kun; Li, Matthew; Liu, Wenwen Small, Vol. 14, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201702737	journal	January 2018
Si and Ge‐Based Anode Materials for Li‐, Na‐, and K‐Ion Batteries: A Perspective from Structure to Electrochemical Mechanism Loaiza, Laura C.; Monconduit, Laure; Seznec, Vincent Small, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201905260	journal	January 2020
CNT Applications in Drug and Biomolecule Delivery Chandrasekhar, Prasanna Conducting Polymers, Fundamentals and Applications https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69378-1_10	book	January 2018
Microwave- and Conductivity-Based Technologies Chandrasekhar, Prasanna Conducting Polymers, Fundamentals and Applications https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69378-1_40	book	January 2018
CNT Applications in Batteries and Energy Devices Chandrasekhar, Prasanna Conducting Polymers, Fundamentals and Applications https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69378-1_8	book	January 2018
Nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage Liu, Nian; Li, Weiyang; Pasta, Mauro Frontiers of Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-013-0408-7	journal	February 2014
Artificial interphase engineering of electrode materials to improve the overall performance of lithium-ion batteries Zhu, Zhiqiang; Chen, Xiaodong Nano Research, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1647-7	journal	August 2017
Practical considerations of Si-based anodes for lithium-ion battery applications Ryu, Jaegeon; Hong, Dongki; Lee, Hyun-Wook Nano Research, Vol. 10, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1692-2	journal	August 2017
Recent progress on nanostructured conducting polymers and composites: synthesis, application and future aspects Zhang, Lin; Du, Wenya; Nautiyal, Amit Science China Materials, Vol. 61, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9206-4	journal	January 2018
Promise and reality of post-lithium-ion batteries with high energy densities Choi, Jang Wook; Aurbach, Doron Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.13	journal	March 2016
Stable Li-ion battery anodes by in-situ polymerization of conducting hydrogel to conformally coat silicon nanoparticles Wu, Hui; Yu, Guihua; Pan, Lijia Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2941	journal	June 2013
Distinct charge dynamics in battery electrodes revealed by in situ and operando soft X-ray spectroscopy Liu, Xiaosong; Wang, Dongdong; Liu, Gao Nature Communications, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3568	journal	October 2013
Dry-air-stable lithium silicide–lithium oxide core–shell nanoparticles as high-capacity prelithiation reagents Zhao, Jie; Lu, Zhenda; Liu, Nian Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Article No. 5088 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6088	journal	October 2014
A pomegranate-inspired nanoscale design for large-volume-change lithium battery anodes Liu, Nian; Lu, Zhenda; Zhao, Jie Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.6	journal	February 2014
Designing polymers for advanced battery chemistries Lopez, Jeffrey; Mackanic, David G.; Cui, Yi Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-019-0103-6	journal	April 2019
Rice husks as a sustainable source of nanostructured silicon for high performance Li-ion battery anodes Liu, Nian; Huo, Kaifu; McDowell, Matthew T. Scientific Reports, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01919	journal	May 2013
Conversion reactions for sodium-ion batteries Klein, Franziska; Jache, Birte; Bhide, Amrtha Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cp52125g	journal	January 2013
3D nanostructured conductive polymer hydrogels for high-performance electrochemical devices Zhao, Yu; Liu, Borui; Pan, Lijia Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 6, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee40997j	journal	January 2013
Stable cycling of lithium sulfide cathodes through strong affinity with a bifunctional binder Seh, Zhi Wei; Zhang, Qianfan; Li, Weiyang Chemical Science, Vol. 4, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3sc51476e	journal	January 2013
A hybrid gel of hypergravity prepared NiO and polyaniline as Li-ion battery anodes Zhang, Ziyang; Liang, Meiying; Liu, Xinhua RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 107 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra17929g	journal	January 2015
Electron-poor arylenediimides Kumar, Sharvan; Shukla, Jyoti; Kumar, Yogendra Organic Chemistry Frontiers, Vol. 5, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8qo00256h	journal	January 2018
Bioinspired hierarchical cross-linked graphene–silicon nanofilms via synergistic interfacial interactions as integrated negative electrodes for high-performance lithium storage Wang, Bo; Wu, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Jinhui Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 22, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04075g	journal	January 2020
An environment-friendly approach to produce nanostructured germanium anodes for lithium-ion batteries Saverina, Evgeniya A.; Sivasankaran, Visweshwar; Kapaev, Roman R. Green Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9gc02348h	journal	January 2020
Soft x-ray spectroscopy of high pressure liquid Qiao, Ruimin; Xia, Yujian; Feng, Xuefei Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5008444	journal	January 2018
Recent advances in polysulfide mediation of lithium-sulfur batteries via facile cathode and electrolyte modification Fang, Chen; Zhang, Guangzhao; Lau, Jonathan APL Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5110525	journal	August 2019
Overview on conducting polymer in energy storage and energy conversion system Kausar, Ayesha Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, Vol. 54, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2017.1317210	journal	July 2017
A Comprehensive Study on Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies Gopalakrishnan, Rahul; Goutam, Shovon; Miguel Oliveira, Luis Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Vol. 13, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036000	journal	November 2016
Nano-Silicon Containing Composite Graphitic Anodes with Improved Cycling Stability for Application in High Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries Ruvinskiy, Pavel; Barsukov, Igor V.; Mashtalir, Olha ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.006310jss	journal	January 2013
Review—Nano-Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials Towards Practical Application for Next Generation Li-Ion Batteries Luo, Fei; Liu, Bonan; Zheng, Jieyun Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0131514jes	journal	January 2015
High Capacity Silicon Electrodes with Nafion as Binders for Lithium-Ion Batteries Xu, Jiagang; Zhang, Qinglin; Cheng, Yang-Tse Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0261603jes	journal	December 2015
Synthesis of self-healing polyurethane and its application in graphene/SnO ₂ -pillared carbon anode materials Kwon, Young Joon; Modigunta, Jeevan Kumar Reddy; Shanmugharaj, Am Polymers and Polymer Composites, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0967391119879009	journal	October 2019
Mechanism of Phase Propagation During Lithiation in Carbon-Free Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ Battery Electrodes Kim, Chunjoong; Norberg, Nick S.; Alexander, Caleb T. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201201684	journal	October 2012
Design of Hollow Nanostructures for Energy Storage, Conversion and Production Wang, Jiangyan; Cui, Yi; Wang, Dan Advanced Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801993	journal	July 2018
Ionically Conductive Self-Healing Binder for Low Cost Si Microparticles Anodes in Li-Ion Batteries Munaoka, Takatoshi; Yan, Xuzhou; Lopez, Jeffrey Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201703138	journal	February 2018
Diffusion‐Limited C‐Rate: A Fundamental Principle Quantifying the Intrinsic Limits of Li‐Ion Batteries Heubner, Christian; Schneider, Michael; Michaelis, Alexander Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201902523	journal	November 2019
Engineering of carbon and other protective coating layers for stabilizing silicon anode materials Wang, Fenglin; Chen, Gen; Zhang, Ning Carbon Energy, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.24	journal	October 2019
Reduction Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate for Stable Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Film on Silicon Anode Chen, Xilin; Li, Xiaolin; Mei, Donghai ChemSusChem, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201300770	journal	November 2013
An overview on efforts to enhance the Si electrode stability for lithium ion batteries Yuca, Neslihan; Taskin, Omer S.; Arici, Elif Energy Storage https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.94	journal	October 2019
Recent advances in conjugated polymer energy storage Mike, Jared F.; Lutkenhaus, Jodie L. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 51, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.23256	journal	February 2013
High-Capacity Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Choice of Elements and Structures for Active Particles Nitta, Naoki; Yushin, Gleb Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, Vol. 31, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201300231	journal	October 2013
Practical Challenges in Employing Graphene for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Beyond Lochala, Joshua A.; Zhang, Hongzhang; Wang, Yuesheng Small Methods, Vol. 1, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201700099	journal	May 2017
Practical anodes for Li-ion batteries comprising metallurgical silicon particles and multiwall carbon nanotubes Okashy, Sivan; Luski, Shalom; Elias, Yuval Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4058-0	journal	August 2018
Self-healing chemistry enables the stable operation of silicon microparticle anodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries Wang, Chao; Wu, Hui; Chen, Zheng Nature Chemistry, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1802	journal	November 2013
Mesoporous silicon sponge as an anti-pulverization structure for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes Li, Xiaolin; Gu, Meng; Hu, Shenyang Nature Communications, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5105	journal	July 2014
Stable silicon-ionic liquid interface for next-generation lithium-ion batteries Piper, Daniela Molina; Evans, Tyler; Leung, Kevin Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7230	journal	February 2015
Inward lithium-ion breathing of hierarchically porous silicon anodes Xiao, Qiangfeng; Gu, Meng; Yang, Hui Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9844	journal	November 2015
Electrical energy storage for transportation—approaching the limits of, and going beyond, lithium-ion batteries Thackeray, Michael M.; Wolverton, Christopher; Isaacs, Eric D. Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 5, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee21892e	journal	January 2012
Hollow core–shell structured porous Si–C nanocomposites for Li-ion battery anodes Li, Xiaolin; Meduri, Praveen; Chen, Xilin Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 22, Issue 22, p. 11014-11017 https://doi.org/10.1039/c2jm31286g	journal	January 2012
A photo-cross-linkable polymeric binder for silicon anodes in lithium ion batteries Park, Yuwon; Lee, Sueun; Kim, Si-Hoon RSC Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra42447b	journal	January 2013
Silicon-nanoparticles isolated by in situ grown polycrystalline graphene hollow spheres for enhanced lithium-ion storage Zhang, Juan; Zhang, Li; Xue, Peng Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 3, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta00457h	journal	January 2015
Roll up nanowire battery from silicon chips Vlad, A.; Reddy, A. L. M.; Ajayan, A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 109, Issue 38 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208638109	journal	September 2012
Unveiling the Roles of Binder in the Mechanical Integrity of Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Chen, Jianchao; Liu, Jianyong; Qi, Yue Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.088309jes	journal	January 2013
Recent Progress on Synchrotron-Based In-Situ Soft X-ray Spectroscopy for Energy Materials Liu, Xiaosong; Yang, Wanli; Liu, Zhi Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304676	journal	May 2014
Silicon-Based Nanomaterials for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review Su, Xin; Wu, Qingliu; Li, Juchuan Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201300882	journal	October 2013
Synthesis of H ₂ V ₃ O ₈ /Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite as a Promising Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Zhu, Kai; Yan, Xiao; Zhang, Yongquan ChemPlusChem, Vol. 79, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201300331	journal	January 2014
Highly efficient poly(fluorene phenylene) copolymer as a new class of binder for high-capacity silicon anode in lithium-ion batteries Yuca, Neslihan; Cetintasoglu, Mehmet E.; Dogdu, Murat F. International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 42, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3913	journal	October 2017
Microwave-and Conductivity-Based Technologies Chandrasekhar, Prasanna Conducting Polymers, Fundamentals and Applications https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5245-1_19	book	January 1999
Systematic Analysis of Poly(o-aminophenol) Humidity Sensors Bibi, Salma; Bilal, Salma; Shah, Anwar-ul-Haq Ali ACS Omega, Vol. 2, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01027	journal	October 2017
Hierarchical porous silicon structures with extraordinary mechanical strength as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes Jia, Haiping; Li, Xiaolin; Song, Junhua Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15217-9	journal	March 2020
Mesoscale Origin of the Enhanced Cycling-Stability of the Si-Conductive Polymer Anode for Li-ion Batteries Gu, Meng; Xiao, Xing-Cheng; Liu, Gao Scientific Reports, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep03684	journal	January 2014
Fabrication and Evaluation of Smart Nanocrystals of Artemisinin for Antimalarial and Antibacterial Efficacy Shah, Syed Muhammad Hassan; Ullah, Farhat; Khan, Shahzeb African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative medicines, Vol. 14, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i1.27	journal	November 2016
Molecular Spring Enabled High-Performance Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries Zheng, Tianyue; Jia, Zhe; Lin, Na Polymers, Vol. 9, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/polym9120657	journal	November 2017