Direct Structure–Performance Comparison of All‐Carbon Potassium and Sodium Ion Capacitors

Xu, Ziqiang; Wu, Mengqiang; Chen, Zhi; Chen, Cheng; Yang, Jian; Feng, Tingting; Paek, Eunsu; Mitlin, David

doi:10.1002/advs.201802272

Title: Direct Structure–Performance Comparison of All‐Carbon Potassium and Sodium Ion Capacitors

Journal Article · Wed Apr 24 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Advanced Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201802272· OSTI ID:1508658

Xu, Ziqiang ^[1]; Wu, Mengqiang ^[1]; Chen, Zhi ^[1]; Chen, Cheng ^[1]; Yang, Jian ^[1]; Feng, Tingting ^[1]; Paek, Eunsu ^[2];

^[2]

Center for Advanced Electric Energy Technologies (CAEET)School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China
Chemical &, Biomolecular EngineeringClarkson University Potsdam NY 13699 USA

A hybrid ion capacitor (HIC) based on potassium ions (K⁺) is a new high-power intermediate energy device that may occupy a unique position on the Ragone chart space. Here, a direct performance comparison of a potassium ion capacitor (KIC) versus the better-known sodium ion capacitor is provided. Tests are performed with an asymmetric architecture based on bulk ion insertion, partially ordered, dense carbon anode (hard carbon, HC) opposing N- and O-rich ion adsorption, high surface area, cathode (activated carbon, AC). A classical symmetric “supercapacitor-like” configuration AC–AC is analyzed in parallel. For asymmetric K-based HC–AC devices, there are significant high-rate limitations associated with ion insertion into the anode, making it much inferior to Na-based HC–AC devices. A much larger charge–discharge hysteresis (overpotential), more than an order of magnitude higher impedance R_SEI, and much worse cyclability are observed. However, K-based AC–AC devices obtained on-par energy, power, and cyclability with their Na counterpart. Therefore, while KICs are extremely scientifically interesting, more work is needed to tailor the structure of “Na-inherited” dense carbon anodes and electrolytes for satisfactory K ion insertion. Conversely, it should be possible to utilize many existing high surface area adsorption carbons for fast rate K application.

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Research Organization:: Clarkson Univ., Potsdam, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐SC0018074; SC0018074

OSTI ID:: 1508658

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1508660; OSTI ID: 1612831

Journal Information:: Advanced Science, Journal Name: Advanced Science Vol. 6 Journal Issue: 12; ISSN 2198-3844

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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Cited by: 107 works

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Chemistry
Science & Technology - Other Topics
Materials Science
lithium ion capacitors
potassium ion batteries
potassium ion capacitors
sodium ion batteries
sodium ion capacitors

Title: Direct Structure–Performance Comparison of All‐Carbon Potassium and Sodium Ion Capacitors

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