Bi-Level Volt-VAR Optimization to Coordinate Smart Inverters with Voltage Control Devices

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 2019 · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2890613· OSTI ID:1508047

Jha, Rahul Ranjan; Dubey, Anamika; Liu, Chen-Ching; Schneider, Kevin Paul

Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) uses voltage control to reduce customer power demand and help improve the operational efficiency of the electric power distribution system. With the advent of advanced distribution management systems (ADMS), the underlying data and control-rich platform can be utilized to enable a centralized Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) scheme that includes smart inverter controls along with legacy voltage control devices such as voltage regulators and capacitor banks to ensure a maximum CVR benefit. The objective of this paper to present a VVO approach that controls system’s legacy voltage control devices and coordinates their operation with smart inverter control. An optimal power flow (OPF) formulation is proposed by developing linear and nonlinear power flow approximations for a three-phase unbalanced electric power distribution system. A bi-level VVO approach is proposed where, Level-1 optimizes the control of legacy devices and smart inverters using a linear approximate three-phase power flow. In Level-2, the control parameters for smart inverters are adjusted to obtain an optimal and feasible solution by solving the approximate nonlinear OPF model. Level-1 is modeled as a Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) while Level-2 as a Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Program (QCQP). The proposed approach is validated using IEEE test cases and the results demonstrate the applicability of the framework in achieving the CVR objective.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1508047
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-132043
• Journal Information: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 34; ISSN 0885-8950
• Publisher: IEEE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English