The photon content of the proton

Manohar, Aneesh V.; Nason, Paolo; Salam, Gavin P.; Zanderighi, Giulia

doi:10.1007/jhep12(2017)046

Title: The photon content of the proton

Journal Article · Mon Dec 11 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep12(2017)046· OSTI ID:1505128

Manohar, Aneesh V. ^[1]; Nason, Paolo ^[2]; Salam, Gavin P. ^[3]; Zanderighi, Giulia ^[4]

Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Univ. of Milano-Bicocca, Milan (Italy); National Inst. of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Milan (Italy)
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland). Theoretical Physics Dept.
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland). Theoretical Physics Dept.; Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom). Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics

The photon PDF of the proton is needed for precision comparisons of LHC cross sections with theoretical predictions. In a recent paper, we showed how the photon PDF could be determined in terms of the electromagnetic proton structure functions F₂ and F _L measured in electron-proton scattering experiments, and gave an explicit formula for the PDF including all terms up to next-to-leading order. In this paper we give details of the derivation. We obtain the photon PDF using the factorisation theorem and applying it to suitable BSM hard scattering processes. We also obtain the same PDF in a process-independent manner using the usual definition of PDFs in terms of light-cone Fourier transforms of products of operators. We show how our method gives an exact representation for the photon PDF in terms of F₂ and F _L , valid to all orders in QED and QCD, and including all non-perturbative corrections. This representation is then used to give an explicit formula for the photon PDF to one order higher than our previous result. We also generalise our results to obtain formulæ for the polarised photon PDF, as well as the photon TMDPDF. Using our formula, we derive the P_γi subset of DGLAP splitting functions to order αα _s and α², which agree with known results. We give a detailed explanation of the approach that we follow to determine a photon PDF and its uncertainty within the above framework.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva (Switzerland)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Simons Foundation (United States); European Research Council (ERC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0009919; PHY11-25915; 340281; 614577; 321133

OSTI ID:: 1505128

Journal Information:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online), Vol. 2017, Issue 12; ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer BerlinCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 133 works

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Electroweak Gauge Boson Parton Distribution Functions Fornal, Bartosz; Manohar, Aneesh V.; Waalewijn, Wouter J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.06347	text	January 2018
Probing the photonic content of the proton using photon-induced dilepton production in $p+\textrm{Pb}$ collisions at the LHC Dyndal, Mateusz; Glazov, Alexander; Luszczak, Marta arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1901.06305	text	January 2019
Towards Ultimate Parton Distributions at the High-Luminosity LHC Khalek, Rabah Abdul; Bailey, Shaun; Gao, Jun arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1810.03639	text	January 2018
NLO QCD+EW predictions for $tHj$ and $tZj$ production at the LHC Pagani, Davide; Tsinikos, Ioannis; Vryonidou, Eleni arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2006.10086	preprint	January 2020
Full NLO corrections to 3-jet production and $$\mathbf {R_{32}}$$ R 32 at the LHC Reyer, Max; Schönherr, Marek; Schumann, Steffen The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 79, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6815-3	journal	April 2019
Top-quark pair hadroproduction in association with a heavy boson at NLO+NNLL including EW corrections Broggio, Alessandro; Ferroglia, Andrea; Frederix, Rikkert arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.04343	text	January 2019
Multi-jet merged top-pair production including electroweak corrections Gütschow, Christian; Lindert, Jonas M.; Schönherr, Marek arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.00950	text	January 2018
Next-to-leading-order QCD and electroweak corrections to triple-W production with leptonic decays at the LHC Dittmaier, Stefan; Knippen, Gernot; Schwan, Christopher Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep02(2020)003	journal	February 2020
Long-lived charged particles and multi-lepton signatures from neutrino mass models R., Carolina Arbeláez; Cottin, Giovanna; Helo, Juan Carlos arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2003.11494	preprint	January 2020
Probing the photonic content of the proton using photon-induced dilepton production in $p + Pb$ collisions at the LHC Dyndal, M.; Glazov, A.; Luszczak, M. Physical Review D, Vol. 99, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.99.114008	journal	June 2019
Measurements of top-quark pair differential and double-differential cross-sections in the $\ell$+jets channel with $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the ATLAS detector Aad, Georges; Abbott, Brad; Abbott, Dale Charles Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-05084	text	January 2019
Exploiting the WH/ZH symmetry in the search for new physics Harlander, Robert Valentin; Klappert, Jonas; Pandini, C. RWTH Aachen University https://doi.org/10.18154/rwth-2018-228749	text	January 2018
The photon PDF determination within the xFitter framework Giuli, Francesco arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1708.03623	text	January 2017

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