Groundwater-River Water Exchange Enhances Growing Season Evapotranspiration and Carbon Uptake in a Semiarid Riparian Ecosystem

Missik, Justine E. C.; Liu, Heping; Gao, Zhongming; Huang, Maoyi; Chen, Xingyuan; Arntzen, Evan; Mcfarland, Douglas P.; Ren, Huiying; Titzler, P. Scott; Thomle, Jonathan N.; Goldman, Amy

doi:10.1029/2018JG004666

Groundwater-River Water Exchange Enhances Growing Season Evapotranspiration and Carbon Uptake in a Semiarid Riparian Ecosystem

Journal Article · Wed Dec 19 23:00:00 EST 2018 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004666· OSTI ID:1502404

^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Arntzen, Evan ^[2]; Mcfarland, Douglas P. ^[2]; Ren, Huiying ^[2]; Titzler, P. Scott ^[2]; Thomle, Jonathan N. ^[2]; ^[2]

Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Semiarid ecosystems play a critical role in determining the interannual variability of the global terrestrial carbon sink. Water availability is a critical driver of productivity in semiarid ecosystems, which often alternate between carbon sink/source functioning during wet/dry years. In this study, we investigate how groundwater availability resulting from groundwater-river water exchange influences net ecosystem exchange of CO₂ (NEE), evapotranspiration (ET), and the surface energy balance at two semiarid ecosystems along the Columbia River in central Washington, USA. We examined 1 year of eddy covariance measurements from an upland sagebrush ecosystem primarily fed by rainfall without groundwater access and a riparian grassland ecosystem with groundwater access during the dry season due to lateral groundwater-river water exchange. The two sites had distinct seasonal patterns of NEE and ET, driven by differences in water availability. While NEE at the upland sagebrush site was strongly constrained by water availability during the dry months, access to groundwater allowed the riparian site to maintain high NEE magnitude and ET during the same dry months. The riparian site had larger annual gross primary productivity than the upland site (612 vs. 424 gC/m²), which was offset by higher ecosystem respiration (558 vs. 363 gC/m²). Thus, the magnitude of the annual NEE at the upland site was larger than that at the riparian site (-62 vs. -54 gC/m²). Furthermore, our results demonstrate that groundwater access determined by connectivity between groundwater and surface water can be a critical driver of carbon uptake and ET in semiarid ecosystems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1502404

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1490760

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--142097

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 124; ISSN 2169-8953

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Mechanistic links between underestimated CO ₂ fluxes and non-closure of the surface energy balance in a semi-arid sagebrush ecosystem Gao, Zhongming; Liu, Heping; Missik, Justine E. C. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab082d	journal	April 2019

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Groundwater-River Water Exchange Enhances Growing Season Evapotranspiration and Carbon Uptake in a Semiarid Riparian Ecosystem

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