Growth of Cr-doped TiO₂ Films in the Rutile and Anatase Structures by Oxygen Plasma Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Journal Article · Fri Jul 22 04:00:00 EDT 2005 · Thin Solid Films, 484(1-2):289-298

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.02.028· OSTI ID:15016710

Osterwalder, Juerg; Droubay, Timothy C.; Kaspar, Tiffany C.; Williams, Josh R.; Wang, Chong M.; Chambers, Scott A.

As part of a search for new spintronic materials, highly ordered films of CrxTi₁-xO₂ in both rutile and anatase structure and for several Cr concentrations ranging from x=0.02 to 0.16 were grown by oxygen-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray photoelectron diffraction data of the Cr 2p level exhibit the same patterns and the same modulation amplitudes as those observed for Ti 2p, providing a strong indication that a large fraction of the Cr atoms occupy substitutional lattice sites in both structures. The Cr 2p core-level spectra as well as a Cr 3d related dopant signal above the valence band of TiO₂ are characteristic of Cr³⁺ ions. At room temperature, Cr-doped anatase films exhibit ferromagnetic order with a saturation magnetization of ~0.6 µB per Cr atom and strong in-lane anisotropy.

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US), Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• DOE Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 15016710
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA-42647; 6292; 400403809
• Journal Information: Thin Solid Films, 484(1-2):289-298, Journal Name: Thin Solid Films, 484(1-2):289-298 Journal Issue: 1-2 Vol. 484; ISSN THSFAP; ISSN 0040-6090
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
AMPLITUDES
ANISOTROPY
ATOMS
CHROMIUM
DIFFRACTION
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS
MAGNETIZATION
MODULATION
MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY
OXYGEN
PLASMA
RUTILE
SATURATION
SPECTRA
VALENCE
chromium
diluted magnetic semiconductor
epitaxial films
ferromagnetic materials
titanium dioxide