Colloquium: Roper resonance: Toward a solution to the fifty year puzzle

Burkert, Volker D.; Roberts, Craig D.

doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.91.011003

Title: Colloquium: Roper resonance: Toward a solution to the fifty year puzzle

Journal Article · Thu Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Reviews of Modern Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.91.011003· OSTI ID:1501553

Burkert, Volker D. ^[1]; Roberts, Craig D. ^[2]

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Physics Division

Discovered in 1963, the Roper resonance appears to be an exact copy of the proton except that its mass is 50% greater and it is unstable. These features of the Roper have been very difficult to explain so that for half a century this lightest excited state of the proton has defied understanding. The last decade has presented a new challenge, viz. precise information on the proton-to-Roper electroproduction transition form factors. Reaching to momentum transfer Q(2) approximate to 4.5 GeV2, the data probe a domain within which hard valence-quark degrees of freedom could be expected to determine form factor behavior. An explanation of the Roper should combine an understanding of all these things. This is a prodigious task, but a ten-year international collaborative effort, involving experimentalists and theorists, has presented a candidate solution to the puzzle. Namely, the observed Roper is at the heart of the proton's first radial excitation, consisting of a dressed-quark core augmented by a meson cloud that reduces the core mass by approximately 20% and materially alters its electroproduction form factors on Q(2) < 2m(N)(2), where m(N) is the proton's mass. This Colloquium describes the experimental developments which enabled electroproduction data to be procured within a domain that is the purview of strong quantum chromodynamics, thereby providing challenges and opportunities for modern theory, and surveys the developments in reaction models and QCD theory that have enabled this picture of the Roper resonance to be drawn.

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Research Organization:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1501553

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1499832; OSTI ID: 1510476

Report Number(s):: JLAB-PHY-18-2; arXiv:1710.02549; DOE/OR/23177-4244

Journal Information:: Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 91, Issue 1; ISSN 0034-6861

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 71 works

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Measurement of the Proton Spin Structure Function g1p with a Pure Hydrogen Target Airapetian, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ex/9807015	text	January 1998
Dyson-Schwinger Equations and the Application to Hadronic Physics Roberts, C. D.; Williams, A. G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9403224	text	January 1994
Hybrid and Conventional Baryons in the Flux-Tube Model Capstick, Simon; Page, Philip R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/0207027	text	January 2002
Aspects and consequences of a dressed-quark-gluon vertex Bhagwat, M. S.; Hoell, A.; Krassnigg, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/0403012	text	January 2004
Pseudoscalar Meson Radial Excitations Hoell, A.; Krassnigg, A.; Roberts, C. D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/0406030	text	January 2004
Extended Partial-Wave Analysis of piN Scattering Data Arndt, R. A.; Briscoe, W. J.; Strakovsky, I. I. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/0605082	text	January 2006
Baryon Current Matrix Elements in a Light-Front Framework Capstick, Simon; Keister, B. D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.nucl-th/9411016	text	January 1994

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Spectrum of Light- and Heavy-Baryons Qin, S. -X.; Roberts, C. D.; Schmidt, S. M. Few-Body Systems, Vol. 60, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00601-019-1488-x	journal	April 2019
Scattering amplitudes and contour deformations Eichmann, Gernot; Duarte, Pedro; Peña, M. T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.05402	text	January 2019
Transition form factors and helicity amplitudes for electroexcitation of negative- and positive parity nucleon resonances in a light-front quark model Obukhovsky, Igor T.; Faessler, Amand; Fedorov, Dimitry K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.13787	text	January 2019
Energy momentum tensor and the D-term in the bag model Neubelt, Matt J.; Sampino, Andrew; Hudson, Jonathan arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.08906	text	January 2019

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