Approaching quantum anomalous Hall effect in proximity-coupled YIG/graphene/h-BN sandwich structure

Tang, Chi; Cheng, Bin; Aldosary, Mohammed; Wang, Zhiyong; Jiang, Zilong; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Bockrath, Marc; Shi, Jing

doi:10.1063/1.5001318

Title: Approaching quantum anomalous Hall effect in proximity-coupled YIG/graphene/h-BN sandwich structure

Journal Article · Thu Nov 02 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · APL Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5001318· OSTI ID:1501548

^[1]; Cheng, Bin ^[1]; Aldosary, Mohammed ^[1]; Wang, Zhiyong ^[1]; Jiang, Zilong ^[1];

^[2]; Taniguchi, T. ^[2]; Bockrath, Marc ^[3]; Shi, Jing ^[1]

Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
National Inst. for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan). Advanced Materials Lab.
Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Physics

Quantum anomalous Hall state is expected to emerge in Dirac electron systems such as graphene under both sufficiently strong exchange and spin-orbit interactions. In pristine graphene, neither interaction exists; however, both interactions can be acquired by coupling graphene to a magnetic insulator as revealed by the anomalous Hall effect. Here, we show enhanced magnetic proximity coupling by sandwiching graphene between a ferrimagnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) which also serves as a top gate dielectric. By sweeping the top-gate voltage, we observe Fermi level-dependent anomalous Hall conductance. As the Dirac point is approached from both electron and hole sides, the anomalous Hall conductance reaches ¼ of the quantum anomalous Hall conductance 2e²/h. The exchange coupling strength is determined to be as high as 27 meV from the transition temperature of the induced magnetic phase. YIG/graphene/h-BN is an excellent heterostructure for demonstrating proximity-induced interactions in two-dimensional electron systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-07ER46351; SC0010597; 1202559; 1610447

OSTI ID:: 1501548

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1406647

Journal Information:: APL Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 2; ISSN 2166-532X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 29 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (20)

Strong interfacial exchange field in the graphene/EuS heterostructure Wei, Peng; Lee, Sunwoo; Lemaitre, Florian Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4603	journal	March 2016
Room-Temperature Spin Memory in Two-Dimensional Electron Gases Kikkawa, J. M. Science, Vol. 277, Issue 5330 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5330.1284	journal	August 1997
Layer-by-layer growth and magnetic properties of Y3Fe5O12 thin films on Gd3Ga5O12 Krockenberger, Y.; Yun, K. -S.; Hatano, T. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 106, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3266004	journal	December 2009
Tunable spin–orbit coupling and symmetry-protected edge states in graphene/WS ₂ Yang, Bowen; Tu, Min-Feng; Kim, Jeongwoo 2D Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/3/3/031012	journal	September 2016
Optical studies of locally implanted magnetic ions in GaAs Kikkawa, J. M.; Baumberg, J. J.; Awschalom, D. D. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.50.2003	journal	July 1994
Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals Gong, Cheng; Li, Lin; Li, Zhenglu Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22060	journal	April 2017
Above 400-K robust perpendicular ferromagnetic phase in a topological insulator Tang, Chi; Chang, Cui-Zu; Zhao, Gejian Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700307	journal	June 2017
Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator Chang, C. -Z.; Zhang, J.; Feng, X. Science, Vol. 340, Issue 6129 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234414	journal	March 2013
Direct comparison of graphene devices before and after transfer to different substrates Sachs, Raymond; Lin, Zhisheng; Odenthal, Patrick Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4862063	journal	January 2014
Proximity-Induced Ferromagnetism in Graphene Revealed by the Anomalous Hall Effect Wang, Zhiyong; Tang, Chi; Sachs, Raymond Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.016603	journal	January 2015
Exquisite growth control and magnetic properties of yttrium iron garnet thin films Tang, Chi; Aldosary, Mohammed; Jiang, Zilong Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943210	journal	March 2016
One-Dimensional Electrical Contact to a Two-Dimensional Material Wang, L.; Meric, I.; Huang, P. Y. Science, Vol. 342, Issue 6158 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244358	journal	October 2013
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit Huang, Bevin; Clark, Genevieve; Navarro-Moratalla, Efrén Nature, Vol. 546, Issue 7657 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22391	journal	June 2017
Strong interface-induced spin–orbit interaction in graphene on WS2 Wang, Zhe; Ki, Dong–Keun; Chen, Hua Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9339	journal	September 2015
Electric field effect in multilayer Cr ₂ Ge ₂ Te ₆ : a ferromagnetic 2D material Xing, Wenyu; Chen, Yangyang; Odenthal, Patrick M. 2D Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aa7034	journal	May 2017
Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics Dean, C. R.; Young, A. F.; Meric, I. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 5, Issue 10, p. 722-726 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.172	journal	August 2010
Spin Transport and Localization in a Magnetic Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Smorchkova, I. P.; Samarth, N.; Kikkawa, J. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 78, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.78.3571	journal	May 1997
An integrated approach to doped thin films with strain-tunable magnetic anisotropy: powder synthesis, target preparation and pulsed laser deposition of Bi:YIG Sellappan, Pathikumar; Tang, Chi; Shi, Jing Materials Research Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2016.1195779	journal	July 2016
Giant magnetoresistance and quantum phase transitions in strongly localized magnetic two-dimensional electron gases Smorchkova, I. P.; Samarth, N.; Kikkawa, J. M. Physical Review B, Vol. 58, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.58.r4238	journal	August 1998
Magneto-elastic coupling in a potential ferromagnetic 2D atomic crystal Tian, Yao; Gray, Mason J.; Ji, Huiwen 2D Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/3/2/025035	journal	June 2016

Cited By (10)

Substrate induced nanoscale resistance variation in epitaxial graphene Sinterhauf, Anna; Traeger, Georg A.; Momeni Pakdehi, Davood Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14192-0	journal	January 2020
Possible realization of the high-temperature and multichannel quantum anomalous Hall effect in graphene/CrBr 3 heterostructures under pressure Zhang, Huisheng; Ning, Yaohui; Yang, Wenjia Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 31 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp03219c	journal	January 2019
Recent advances in two-dimensional ferromagnetism: materials synthesis, physical properties and device applications Huang, Pu; Zhang, Peng; Xu, Shaogang Nanoscale, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr08890c	journal	January 2020
Cyclotron motion without magnetic field Hasdeo, Eddwi H.; Frenzel, Alex J.; Song, Justin C. W. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 21, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab351c	journal	August 2019
Magnetic proximity in a van der Waals heterostructure of magnetic insulator and graphene Karpiak, Bogdan; Cummings, Aron W.; Zollner, Klaus 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab5915	journal	December 2019
Probing magnetism via spin dynamics in graphene/2D-ferromagnet heterostructures Cummings, Aron W. Journal of Physics: Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7639/ab3b64	journal	September 2019
Anomalous Hall Effect in 2D Dirac Materials Offidani, Manuel; Ferreira, Aires Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.121.126802	journal	September 2018
Magnetic proximity in a van der Waals heterostructure of magnetic insulator and graphene Karpiak, Bogdan; Cummings, Aron W.; Zollner, Klaus Universität Regensburg https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.41300	text	January 2019
Substrate induced nanoscale resistance variation in epitaxial graphene Sinterhauf, Anna; Traeger, Georg A.; Momeni Pakdehi, Davood Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000119958	text	January 2020
Substrate induced nanoscale resistance variation in epitaxial graphene Sinterhauf, Anna; Traeger, Georg Alexander; Pakdehi, Davood Momeni arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.02956	text	January 2019

Figures / Tables (4)

Similar Records

Structural and proximity-induced ferromagnetic properties of topological insulator-magnetic insulator heterostructures

Journal Article · Sun May 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · AIP Advances · OSTI ID:1501548

Jiang, Zilong; Chang, Cui-Zu; Tang, Chi; +3 more

Competing Zero-Field Chern Insulators in Superconducting Twisted Bilayer Graphene

Journal Article · Tue Nov 02 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:1501548

Stepanov, Petr; Xie, Ming; Taniguchi, Takashi; +5 more

Gate-Tunable Proximity Effects in Graphene on Layered Magnetic Insulators

Journal Article · Mon Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1501548

Tseng, Chun-Chih; Song, Tiancheng; Jiang, Qianni; +11 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
spin-orbit interactions
crystallography
magnetism
Hall effect
ferromagnetic materials
exchange coupling
graphene
dielectric materials
electrostatics
exchange interactions