Structural Basis for Superoxide Activation of Flavobacterium johnsoniae Class I Ribonucleotide Reductase and for Radical Initiation by Its Dimanganese Cofactor
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
- Brandeis Univ., Waltham, MA (United States)
A ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) from Flavobacterium johnsoniae (Fj) differs fundamentally from known (subclass a–c) class I RNRs, warranting its assignment to a new subclass, Id. Its β subunit shares with Ib counterparts the requirements for manganese(II) and superoxide (O2–) for activation, but it does not require the O2–-supplying flavoprotein (NrdI) needed in Ib systems, instead scavenging the oxidant from solution. Although Fj β has tyrosine at the appropriate sequence position (Tyr 104), this residue is not oxidized to a radical upon activation, as occurs in the Ia/b proteins. Rather, Fj β directly deploys an oxidized dimanganese cofactor for radical initiation. In treatment with one-electron reductants, we note the cofactor can undergo cooperative three-electron reduction to the II/II state, in contrast to the quantitative univalent reduction to inactive “met” (III/III) forms seen with I(a–c) βs. This tendency makes Fj β unusually robust, as the II/II form can readily be reactivated. The structure of the protein rationalizes its distinctive traits. A distortion in a core helix of the ferritin-like architecture renders the active site unusually open, introduces a cavity near the cofactor, and positions a subclass-d-specific Lys residue to shepherd O2– to the Mn2II/II cluster. Relative to the positions of the radical tyrosines in the Ia/b proteins, the unreactive Tyr 104 of Fj β is held away from the cofactor by a hydrogen bond with a subclass-d-specific Thr residue. Structural comparisons, considered with its uniquely simple mode of activation, suggest that the Id protein might most closely resemble the primordial RNR-β.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Michigan Economic Development Corporation and the Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor; National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS); National Institutes of Health (NIH); Searle Scholars Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; AC02-76SF00515
- OSTI ID:
- 1499749
- Journal Information:
- Biochemistry, Journal Name: Biochemistry Journal Issue: 18 Vol. 57; ISSN 0006-2960
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- ENGLISH
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