Edge flame structure in a turbulent lifted flame: A direct numerical simulation study

Karami, Shahram; Hawkes, Evatt R.; Talei, Mohsen; Chen, Jacqueline H.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.006

Edge flame structure in a turbulent lifted flame: A direct numerical simulation study

Journal Article · Sun May 08 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Combustion and Flame

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.03.006· OSTI ID:1497642

Karami, Shahram ^[1]; Hawkes, Evatt R. ^[2]; Talei, Mohsen ^[3]; Chen, Jacqueline H. ^[4]

Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia). School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering
Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia). School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering. School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering
Univ. of Melbourne (Australia). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States). Combustion Research Facility

This paper presents here a statistical analysis of edge flames in a turbulent lifted flame using direct numerical simulation (DNS). To investigate the dynamics of edge flames, a theoretical framework describing the edge-flame propagation velocity as a function of propagation velocities of mixture-fraction and product-mass fraction iso-surfaces at the flame base is used. The correlations between these propagation velocities and several other variables are then studied, including iso-surface curvatures, iso-surface orientations, strain rates, scalar dissipation rate and gradients of product mass fraction. The contribution of these parameters to the overall behaviour of the edge flame is also investigated using conditional averaging on two-dimensional spatial locations at the flame base. The analysis reveals that the tangential and normal strain rates in addition to the curvatures and scalar dissipation rates have significant contributions to the overall behaviour of the edge flame. The elliptical motion of the flame base described in our earlier study is extended to provide a clearer picture of how these various parameters affect the large fluctuations of edge-flame velocity observed at the flame base.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Univ. of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW (Australia)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22); Australian Research Council

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1497642

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1324337

Report Number(s):: SAND2015--7323J; 672301

Journal Information:: Combustion and Flame, Journal Name: Combustion and Flame Vol. 169; ISSN 0010-2180

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (99)

High-speed tomographic PIV and OH PLIF measurements in turbulent reactive flows Coriton, Bruno; Steinberg, Adam M.; Frank, Jonathan H. Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 55, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-014-1743-3	journal	June 2014
Direct Numerical Simulations of Localised Forced Ignition in Turbulent Mixing Layers: The Effects of Mixture Fraction and Its Gradient Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Mastorakos, E. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 80, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-007-9110-6	journal	November 2007
Lifted Diffusion Flame Stabilisation: Conditional Analysis of Multi-Parameter High-Repetition Rate Diagnostics at the Flame Base Gordon, Robert L.; Boxx, Isaac; Carter, Campbell Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 88, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-011-9365-9	journal	September 2011
The stabilization mechanism of lifted diffusion flames Vanquickenborne, L.; van Tiggelen, A. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(66)90028-9	journal	March 1966
Scalar dissipation measurements in the developing region of a jet Namazian, M.; Schefer, R. W.; Kelly, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 74, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(88)90013-2	journal	November 1988
Importance of isothermal mixing processes to the understanding of lift-off and blowout of turbulent jet diffusion flames Pitts, William M. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 76, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(89)90067-9	journal	May 1989
Flame spread in laminar mixing layers: The triple flame Kioni, P. N.; Rogg, B.; Bray, K. N. C. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 95, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(93)90132-M	journal	November 1993
Stabilization of lifted turbulent-jet flames Schefer, R. W.; Namazian, M.; Kelly, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 99, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(94)90083-3	journal	October 1994
Unsteady strain rate and curvature effects in turbulent premixed methane-air flames Echekki, Tarek; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 106, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(96)00011-9	journal	July 1996
The evolution of surfaces in turbulence Pope, S. B. International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(88)90004-3	journal	January 1988
Several new numerical methods for compressible shear-layer simulations Kennedy, Christopher A.; Carpenter, Mark H. Applied Numerical Mathematics, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9274(94)00004-2	journal	June 1994
Simultaneous Rayleigh imaging and CH-PLIF measurements in a lifted jet diffusion flame Watson, K. A.; Lyons, K. M.; Donbar, J. M. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 123, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00133-4	journal	October 2000
Edge flames and partially premixed combustion in diffusion flame quenching Favier, Valérie; Vervisch, Luc Combustion and Flame, Vol. 125, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(00)00242-X	journal	April 2001
Effects of flow strain on triple flame propagation Im, Hong G.; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 126, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(01)00261-9	journal	July 2001
Direct numerical simulation of autoignition in non-homogeneous hydrogen-air mixtures Echekki, Tarek; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 134, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(03)00088-9	journal	August 2003
Effects of heat release in laminar diffusion flames lifted on round jets Boulanger, Joan; Vervisch, Luc; Reveillon, Julien Combustion and Flame, Vol. 134, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(03)00114-7	journal	September 2003
Mixture fraction imaging in a lifted methane jet flame Stårner, S. H.; Bilger, R. W.; Frank, J. H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 107, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(96)00073-9	journal	November 1996
Numerical simulations of autoignition in turbulent mixing flows Mastorakos, E.; Baritaud, T. A.; Poinsot, T. J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 109, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(96)00149-6	journal	April 1997
Instantaneous flame-stabilization velocities in lifted-jet diffusion flames Muñiz, L.; Mungal, M. G. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 111, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00096-5	journal	October 1997
Mechanism of Flame Stabilization in Turbulent, Lifted-Jet Flames Schefer, R. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 112, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00130-2	journal	March 1998
Structure and Propagation of Methanol–Air Triple Flames Echekki, Tarek; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 114, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(97)00287-3	journal	July 1998
Scalar and velocity field measurements in a lifted CH4–air diffusion flame Watson, K.; Lyons, K.; Donbar, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 117, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00086-8	journal	April 1999
Propagation of unsteady tribrachial flames in laminar non-premixed jets Ko, Y. S.; Chung, S. H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 118, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00154-0	journal	July 1999
Ignition and extinction fronts in counterflowing premixed reactive gases Daou, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 118, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00167-9	journal	August 1999
Observations on the leading edge in lifted flame stabilization Watson, K. A.; Lyons, K. M.; Donbar, J. M. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 119, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00056-5	journal	October 1999
Structure and propagation of triple flames in partially premixed hydrogen–air mixtures Im, H. G.; Chen, J. H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 119, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00073-5	journal	December 1999
Coherent fine-scale eddies in turbulent premixed flames Tanahashi, Mamoru; Fujimura, Masanobu; Miyauchi, Toshio Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 28, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80252-0	journal	January 2000
Statistical flow dynamic properties conditioned on the oscillating stabilization location of turbulent lifted flame Maurey, C.; Cessou, A.; Lecordier, B. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 28, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80254-4	journal	January 2000
Propagation of edge flames in counterflow mixing layers: Experiments and theory Santoro, Vito S.; Liñán, Amable; Gomez, Alessandro Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(00)80611-6	journal	January 2000
Partially premixed turbulent flame propagation in jet flames Müller, C. M.; Breitbach, H.; Peters, N. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80747-2	journal	January 1994
Temporal evolution of turbulence/chemistry interactions in lifted, turbulent-jet flames Schefer, R. W.; Namazian, M.; Filtopoulos, E. E. J. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80762-9	journal	January 1994
Flame in a buoyant methane layer Phillips, H. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(65)80262-4	journal	January 1965
Blowout of turbulent diffusion flames Broadwell, James E.; Dahm, Werner J. A.; Mungal, M. Godfrey Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 20, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(85)80515-4	journal	January 1985
Lifted turbulent jet flames: A stability criterion based on the jet large-scale structure Miake-Lye, Richard C.; Hammer, Jay A. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 22, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(89)80091-8	journal	January 1989
A numerical study on flame stability at the transition point of jet diffusion flames Yamashita, H.; Shimada, M.; Takeno, T. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80196-2	journal	January 1996
Triple flames and partially premixed combustion in autoignition of non-premixed turbulent mixtures Domingo, P.; Vervisch, L. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80221-9	journal	January 1996
Negative flame speed in an unsteady 2-D premixed flame: A computational study Gran, Inge R.; Echekki, Tarek; Chen, Jacqueline H. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(96)80232-3	journal	January 1996
Correlation of flame speed with stretch in turbulent premixed methane/air flames Chen, Jacqueline H.; Im, Hong G. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80477-3	journal	January 1998
Characteristics of the velocity field near the instantaneous base of lifted non-premixed turbulent jet flames Hasselbrink, E. F.; Mungal, M. G. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80483-9	journal	January 1998
A detailed investigation of the stabilization point of lifted turbulent diffusion flames Tacke, M. M.; Geyer, D.; Hassel, E. P. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80518-3	journal	January 1998
Investigating the effects of edge flames in liftoff in non-premixed turbulent combustion Favier, V.; Vervisch, L. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 27, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80528-6	journal	January 1998
Edge-flames Buckmaster, J. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(02)00008-4	journal	January 2002
Cinema particle imaging velocimetry time history of the propagation velocity of the base of a lifted turbulent jet flame Upatnieks, Ansis; Driscoll, James F.; Ceccio, Steven L. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80230-9	journal	January 2002
Simultaneous two-shot CH planar laser-induced fluorescence and particle image velocimetry measurements in lifted CH4/air diffusion flames Watson, K. A.; Lyons, K. M.; Carter, C. D. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80231-0	journal	January 2002
Planar imaging of CH, OH, and velocity in turbulent non-premixed jet flames Kothnur, P. S.; Tsurikov, M. S.; Clemens, N. T. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80233-4	journal	January 2002
Unsteady effects of strain rate and curvature on turbulent premixed flames in an inflow–outflow configuration Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Cant, Stewart Combustion and Flame, Vol. 137, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.01.007	journal	April 2004
Parametric and statistical investigation of the behavior ofBaBlifted flame over a turbulent free-jet structure Cessou, A. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 137, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.03.005	journal	June 2004
Direct numerical simulation of hydrogen-enriched lean premixed methane–air flames Hawkes, Evatt R.; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 138, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.04.010	journal	August 2004
Liftoff of turbulent jet flames—assessment of edge flame and other concepts using cinema-PIV Upatnieks, Ansis; Driscoll, James F.; Rasmussen, Chadwick C. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 138, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.04.011	journal	August 2004
DNS analysis of partially premixed combustion in spray and gaseous turbulent flame-bases stabilized in hot air Domingo, P.; Vervisch, L.; Reveillon, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 140, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.11.006	journal	February 2005
Role of the progress variable in models for partially premixed turbulent combustion Bray, K.; Domingo, P.; Vervisch, L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 141, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.01.017	journal	June 2005
Comparison of direct numerical simulation of lean premixed methane–air flames with strained laminar flame calculations Hawkes, Evatt R.; Chen, Jacqueline H. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 144, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.07.002	journal	January 2006
Experimental investigation of stabilization mechanisms in turbulent, lifted jet diffusion flames Su, L.; Sun, O.; Mungal, M. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 144, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.08.010	journal	February 2006
Direct numerical simulation of ignition front propagation in a constant volume with temperature inhomogeneities Chen, Jacqueline H.; Hawkes, Evatt R.; Sankaran, Ramanan Combustion and Flame, Vol. 145, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.09.017	journal	April 2006
Effects of strain rate and curvature on the propagation of a spherical flame kernel in the thin-reaction-zones regime Jenkins, K. W.; Klein, M.; Chakraborty, N. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 145, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.10.012	journal	April 2006
The effects of strain rate and curvature on surface density function transport in turbulent premixed methane–air and hydrogen–air flames: A comparative study Chakraborty, N.; Hawkes, E.; Chen, J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 154, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.03.015	journal	July 2008
Propagation velocity and flame stretch measurements in co-flowing partially premixed flames with widely varying premixedness Mulla, Irfan A.; Chakravarthy, Satyanarayanan R. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 160, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.001	journal	August 2013
The flow field structure at the base of lifted turbulent partially premixed jet flames Mansour, Mohy S. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 28, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2003.12.015	journal	September 2004
Flame stabilization in a lifted non-premixed turbulent hydrogen jet with coaxial air Oh, Jeongseog; Yoon, Youngbin International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 35, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.07.146	journal	October 2010
Lifted flames on fuel jets in co-flowing air Lawn, C. J. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2008.06.003	journal	February 2009
Effects of imperfect premixing coupled with hydrodynamic instability on flame propagation Garrido-López, David; Sarkar, Sutanu Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2004.07.014	journal	January 2005
Experimental analysis of local flame extinction in a turbulent jet diffusion flame by high repetition 2-D laser techniques and multi-scalar measurements Hult, J.; Meier, U.; Meier, W. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.069	journal	January 2005
Evaluation of models for flame stretch due to curvature in the thin reaction zones regime Hawkes, Evatt R.; Chen, Jacqueline H. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2004.08.106	journal	January 2005
DNS study of stabilization of turbulent triple flames by hot gases Jiménez, C.; Cuenot, B. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.144	journal	January 2007
Scalar mixing in direct numerical simulations of temporally evolving plane jet flames with skeletal CO/H2 kinetics Hawkes, Evatt R.; Sankaran, Ramanan; Sutherland, James C. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.08.079	journal	January 2007
Stabilization, propagation and instability of tribrachial triple flames Chung, S. H. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.08.117	journal	January 2007
Simultaneous three-component PIV/OH-PLIF measurements of a turbulent lifted, C3H8-Argon jet diffusion flame at 1.5kHz repetition rate Boxx, I.; Heeger, C.; Gordon, R. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.023	journal	January 2009
The effects of the Lewis number of the fuel on the displacement speed of edge flames in igniting turbulent mixing layers Hesse, Henrik; Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Mastorakos, E. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.065	journal	January 2009
Statistics of relative and absolute velocities of turbulent non-premixed edge flames following spark ignition Heeger, C.; Böhm, B.; Ahmed, S. F. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.07.006	journal	January 2009
A DNS study on the stabilization mechanism of a turbulent lifted ethylene jet flame in highly-heated coflow Yoo, Chun Sang; Richardson, Edward S.; Sankaran, Ramanan Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.147	journal	January 2011
Flame stabilization and auto-ignition of pulsed methane jets in a hot coflow: Influence of temperature Arndt, Christoph M.; Schießl, Robert; Gounder, James D. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.05.082	journal	January 2013
A flow pattern that sustains an edge flame in a straining mixing layer with finite thermal expansion Liao, K. -P.; Matalon, M.; Pantano, C. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.05.133	journal	January 2015
Theoretical and numerical study of a symmetrical triple flame using the parabolic flame path approximation Ghosal, Sandip; Vervisch, Luc Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 415 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112000008685	journal	July 2000
Direct simulation of non-premixed flame extinction in a methane–air jet with reduced chemistry Pantano, C. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 514 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112004000266	journal	January 1999
Three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of a turbulent lifted hydrogen jet flame in heated coflow: flame stabilization and structure Yoo, C. S.; Sankaran, R.; Chen, J. H. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 640 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112009991388	journal	December 2009
Mixing of strongly diffusive passive scalars like temperature by turbulence Gibson, Carl H.; Ashurst, William T.; Kerstein, Alan R. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 194, Issue -1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112088002988	journal	September 1988
The evolution equation for the flame surface density in turbulent premixed combustion Trouvé, Arnaud; Poinsot, Thierry Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 278 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112094003599	journal	November 1994
Gradient and counter-gradient scalar transport in turbulent premixed flames Veynante, D.; Trouvé, A.; Bray, K. N. C. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 332 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096004065	journal	February 1997
Mechanisms of flame stabilisation at low lifted height in a turbulent lifted slot-jet flame Karami, Shahram; Hawkes, Evatt R.; Talei, Mohsen Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 777 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.334	journal	July 2015
The role of secondary instabilities in the stabilization of a nonpremixed lifted jet flame Demare, David; Baillot, Françoise Physics of Fluids, Vol. 13, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1386935	journal	September 2001
Numerical investigation of edge flame propagation characteristics in turbulent mixing layers Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Mastorakos, E. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 18, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2357972	journal	October 2006
A priori analysis of the curvature and propagation terms of the flame surface density transport equation for large eddy simulation Chakraborty, Nilanjan; Cant, R. S. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 19, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2772326	journal	October 2007
Alignment of vorticity and scalar gradient with strain rate in simulated Navier–Stokes turbulence Ashurst, Wm. T.; Kerstein, A. R.; Kerr, R. M. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 30, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.866513	journal	January 1987
Effects of heat release on triple flames Ruetsch, G. R.; Vervisch, L.; Liñán, A. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868531	journal	June 1995
A DNS study of turbulent mixing of two passive scalars Juneja, A.; Pope, S. B. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868990	journal	August 1996
On scalar dissipation and partially premixed flame propagation Watson, K. A.; Lyons, K. M.; Donbar, J. M. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 175, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200302393	journal	April 2003
Upstream Islands of Flame in Lifted-Jet Partially Premixed Combustion Lyons, K. M.; Watson, K. A.; Carter, C. D. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 179, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200600910858	journal	April 2007
Numerical Investigation of Edge Flame Propagation Behavior in an Igniting Turbulent Planar Jet Chakraborty, N.; Hesse, H.; Mastorakos, E. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 182, Issue 11-12 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2010.497408	journal	October 2010
Lift-off Heights and Visible Lengths of Vertical Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames in Still Air T., Gautam Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 41, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102208408923819	journal	September 1984
Flame Stretch and the Balance Equation for the Flame Area Candel, Sebastien M.; Poinsot, Thierry J. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 70, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209008951608	journal	March 1990
Edge-Flames and Their Stability Buckmaster, J. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 115, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209608935522	journal	June 1996
Three-Dimensional Structure of Lifted, Turbulent-Jet Flames Schefer, R. W. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 125, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209708935664	journal	May 1997
Flame Sheet Imaging Using CH Chemiluminescence Schefer, R. W. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 126, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209708935676	journal	July 1997
Laser Imaging in the Stabilisation Region of Turbulent Lifted Flames Kelman, J. B.; Eltobaji, A. J.; Masri, A. R. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 135, Issue 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209808924153	journal	June 1998
Physical Mechanisms of a Lifted NonPremixed Flame Stabilized in an Acoustic Field Baillot, Françoise; Demare, David Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 174, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/713713066	journal	July 2002
Triple flame propagation and stabilization in a laminar axisymmetric jet Qin, Xiao; Choi, Chun W.; Mukhopadhyay, Achintya Combustion Theory and Modelling, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1364-7830/8/2/006	journal	June 2004
Terascale direct numerical simulations of turbulent combustion using S3D Chen, J. H.; Choudhary, A.; de Supinski, B. Computational Science & Discovery, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1749-4699/2/1/015001	journal	January 2009
Nonpremixed Flamelet Statistics at Flame Base of Lifted Turbulent Jet Nonpremixed Flames Noda, Susumu; Mori, Hisaya; Hongo, Yusuke JSME International Journal Series B, Vol. 48, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmeb.48.75	journal	January 2005
Liftoff characteristics of turbulent jet diffusion flames Peters, Norbert; Williams, Forman A. AIAA Journal, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8089	journal	March 1983

Cited By (3)

Flame Annihilation Displacement Speed and Stretch Rate in Turbulent Premixed Flames Haghiri, Ali; Talei, Mohsen; Brear, Michael J. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, Vol. 104, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-019-00078-0	journal	November 2019
Sound generation by turbulent premixed flames Haghiri, Ali; Talei, Mohsen; Brear, Michael J. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 843 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.115	journal	March 2018
Edge flame propagation statistics in igniting monodisperse droplet-laden mixtures Papapostolou, V. S.; Turquand d’Auzay, C.; Ozel Erol, G. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 31, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5113576	journal	October 2019

Similar Records

Mechanisms of flame stabilisation at low lifted height in a turbulent lifted slot-jet flame

Journal Article · Thu Jul 23 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · OSTI ID:1235328

Three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of a turbulent lifted hydrogen jet flame in a heated coflow: flame stabilization and structure

Journal Article · Wed Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2008 · Journal of Fluid Mechanics · OSTI ID:1043300

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
DNS
curvature
edge flame
lifted flame
scalar dissipation rate
strain rate

Edge flame structure in a turbulent lifted flame: A direct numerical simulation study

Citation Formats

References (99)

Cited By (3)

Similar Records

Related Subjects