Multi-wavelength characterization of the blazar S5 0716+714 during an unprecedented outburst phase

Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arcaro, C.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Banerjee, B.; Bangale, P.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Ch Berse, R.; Berti, A.; Bhattacharyya, W.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Carosi, R.; Carosi, A.; Ceribella, G.; Chatterjee, A.; Colak, S. M.; Colin, P.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; Cumani, P.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Di Pierro, F.; Domínguez, A.; Dominis Prester, D.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Einecke, S.; Elsaesser, D.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Fernández-Barral, A.; Fidalgo, D.; Fonseca, M. V.; Font, L.; Fruck, C.; Galindo, D.; Gallozzi, S.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gaug, M.; Giammaria, P.; Godinović, N.; Gora, D.; Guberman, D.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Hayashida, M.; Herrera, J.; Hose, J.; Hrupec, D.; Ishio, K.; Konno, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Kuveždić, D.; Lelas, D.; Lindfors, E.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López, M.; Maggio, C.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mannheim, K.; Maraschi, L.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Masuda, S.; Mazin, D.; Mielke, K.; Minev, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Moralejo, A.; Moreno, V.; Moretti, E.; Nagayoshi, T.; Neustroev, V.; Niedzwiecki, A.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nilsson, K.; Ninci, D.; Nishijima, K.; Noda, K.; Nogués, L.; Paiano, S.; Palacio, J.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pedaletti, G.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Puljak, I.; Garcia, J. R.; Reichardt, I.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Rugliancich, A.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Schweizer, T.; Sitarek, J.; Šnidarić, I.; Sobczynska, D.; Stamerra, A.; Strzys, M.; Surić, T.; Takahashi, M.; Takalo, L.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Torres-Albà, N.; Treves, A.; Tsujimoto, S.; Vanzo, G.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; Vovk, I.; Ward, J. E.; Will, M.; Zarić, D.; Bastieri, D.; Gasparrini, D.; Lott, B.; Rani, B.; Thompson, D. J.; Agudo, I.; Angelakis, E.; Borman, G. A.; Casadio, C.; Grishina, T. S.; Gurwell, M.; Hovatta, T.; Itoh, R.; Järvelä, E.; Jermak, H.; Jorstad, S.; Kopatskaya, E. N.; Kraus, A.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Kuin, N. P. M.; Lähteenmäki, A.; Larionov, V. M.; Larionova, L. V.; Lien, A. Y.; Madejski, G.; Marscher, A.; Myserlis, I.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Molina, S. N.; Morozova, D. A.; Nalewajko, K.; Pearson, T. J.; Ramakrishnan, V.; Readhead, A. C.  S.; Reeves, R. A.; Savchenko, S. S.; Steele, I. A.; Tornikoski, M.; Troitskaya, Yu. V.; Troitsky, I.; Vasilyev, A. A.; Anton Zensus, J.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201832677

Multi-wavelength characterization of the blazar S5 0716+714 during an unprecedented outburst phase

Journal Article · Fri Nov 09 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Astronomy and Astrophysics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832677· OSTI ID:1490365

Ahnen, M. L.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arcaro, C.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Banerjee, B.; Bangale, P.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Ch Berse, R.; Berti, A.; Bhattacharyya, W.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Carosi, R. more »

Context. The BL Lac object S5 0716+714, a highly variable blazar, underwent an impressive outburst in January 2015 (Phase A), followed by minor activity in February (Phase B). The MAGIC observations were triggered by the optical flux observed in Phase A, corresponding to the brightest ever reported state of the source in the R-band. Aims.The comprehensive dataset collected is investigated in order to shed light on the mechanism of the broadband emission. Methods. Multi-wavelength light curves have been studied together with the broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs). The sample includes data from Effelsberg, OVRO, Metsähovi, VLBI, CARMA, IRAM, SMA, Swift-UVOT, KVA, Tuorla, Steward, RINGO3, KANATA, AZT-8+ST7, Perkins, LX-200, Swift-XRT, NuSTAR, Fermi-LAT and MAGIC. Results. The flaring state of Phase A was detected in all the energy bands, providing for the first time a multi-wavelength sample of simultaneous data from the radio band to the very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV). In the constructed SED, the Swift-XRT+NuSTAR data constrain the transition between the synchrotron and inverse Compton components very accurately, while the second peak is constrained from 0.1 GeV to 600 GeV by Fermi+MAGIC data. The broadband SED cannot be described with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model as it severely underestimates the optical flux in order to reproduce the X-ray to γ-ray data. Instead we use a two-zone model. The electric vector position angle (EVPA) shows an unprecedented fast rotation. An estimation of the redshift of the source by combined high-energy (HE, 0.1 GeV < E < 100 GeV) and VHE data provides a value of z = 0.31 ± 0.02_stats ± 0.05_sys, confirming the literature value. Conclusions. The data show the VHE emission originating in the entrance and exit of a superluminal knot in and out of a recollimation shock in the inner jet. A shock–shock interaction in the jet seems responsible for the observed flares and EVPA swing. Finally, this scenario is also consistent with the SED modeling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: Fermi-LAT Collaboration; MAGIC Collaboration; MWL Collaborators

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1490365

Journal Information:: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Journal Name: Astronomy and Astrophysics Vol. 619; ISSN 0004-6361

Publisher:: EDP SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Extragalactic background light inferred from AEGIS galaxy-SED-type fractions: EBL from AEGIS galaxy-SED-type fractions Domínguez, A.; Primack, J. R.; Rosario, D. J. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 410, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17631.x	journal	October 2010
Optical intraday variability studies of 10 low energy peaked blazars: Optical IDV studies of blazars Rani, Bindu; Gupta, Alok C.; Joshi, U. C. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 413, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18288.x	journal	March 2011
3C 66B as a TeV radio galaxy Tavecchio, Fabrizio; Ghisellini, Gabriele Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 394, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00629.x	journal	March 2009
Constraining blazar distances with combined Fermi and TeV data: an empirical approach: Blazar distance indications from gamma-rays Prandini, E.; Bonnoli, G.; Maraschi, L. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Vol. 405, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2010.00862.x	journal	April 2010
HONIR: an optical and near-infrared simultaneous imager, spectrograph, and polarimeter for the 1.5-m Kanata telescope Akitaya, Hiroshi; Moritani, Yuki; Ui, Takahiro SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054577	conference	August 2014
The Swift X-Ray Telescope Burrows, David N.; Hill, Joanne E.; Nousek, John A. Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, SPIE Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504868	conference	February 2004
The Imprint of the Extragalactic Background Light in the Gamma-Ray Spectra of Blazars Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M.; Allafort, A. Science, Vol. 338, Issue 6111 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1227160	journal	November 2012
On the Redshift of TeV BL Lac Objects Paiano, Simona; Landoni, Marco; Falomo, Renato The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 837, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/837/2/144	journal	March 2017
Polarimetry and Photometry of Gamma-Ray Bursts with RINGO2 Steele, I. A.; Kopač, D.; Arnold, D. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 843, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa79a2	journal	July 2017
Kinematics of Parsec-scale Jets of Gamma-Ray Blazars at 43 GHz within the VLBA-BU-BLAZAR Program Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.; Morozova, Daria A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 846, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8407	journal	September 2017
The extragalactic optical-infrared background radiations, their time evolution and the cosmic photon-photon opacity Franceschini, Alberto; Rodighiero, Giulia; Vaccari, Mattia arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0805.1841	text	January 2008
Correlated Multi-Waveband Variability in the Blazar 3C~279 from 1996 to 2007 Chatterjee, R.; Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0808.2194	text	January 2008
Testing the inverse-Compton catastrophe scenario in the intra-day variable blazar S5 0716+71, III. Rapid and correlated flux density variability from radio to sub-mm bands Fuhrmann, L.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Witzel, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0809.2227	text	January 2008
Discovery of Very High Energy gamma-rays from the blazar S5 0716+714 Anderhub, H. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0907.2386	text	January 2009
Multiwavelength observations of a TeV-Flare from W Comae Collaboration, Veritas; Acciari, V. A.; Aliu, E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0910.3750	text	January 2009
Non-radial motion in the TeV blazar S5 0716+714 The pc-scale kinematics of a BL Lac Object Britzen, S.; Kam, V. A.; Witzel, A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1001.2126	text	January 2010
Probing the Inner Jet of the Quasar PKS 1510-089 with Multi-waveband Monitoring during Strong Gamma-ray Activity Marscher, Alan P.; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Larionov, Valeri M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1001.2574	text	January 2010
Quasi-Periodic Oscillations of ~ 15 minutes in the Optical Light Curve of the BL Lac S5 0716+714 Rani, Bindu; Gupta, Alok C.; Joshi, U. C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1007.2973	text	January 2010
Blazars in the Fermi Era: The OVRO 40-m Telescope Monitoring Program Richards, Joseph L.; Max-Moerbeck, Walter; Pavlidou, Vasiliki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1011.3111	text	January 2010
An Updated Ultraviolet Calibration for the Swift/UVOT Breeveld, A. A.; Landsman, W.; Holland, S. T. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1102.4717	text	January 2011
Intra-day variability observations of S5 0716+714 over 4.5 years at 4.8 GHz Liu, X.; Song, H. -G.; Marchili, N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1206.0083	text	January 2012
Measurement of the extragalactic background light imprint on the spectra of the brightest blazars observed with H.E.S.S Collaboration, H. E. S. S.; Abramowski, A.; Acero, F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1212.3409	text	January 2012
Gamma-Ray Observational Properties of TeV-Detected Blazars Senturk, G. D.; Errando, M.; Boettcher, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1301.3697	text	January 2013
Radio to gamma-ray variability study of blazar S5 0716+714 Rani, B.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Fuhrmann, L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1301.7087	text	January 2013
The Outburst of the Blazar S5 0716+71 in 2011 October: Shock in a Helical Jet Larionov, V. M.; Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1303.2218	text	January 2013
Leptonic and Hadronic Modeling of Fermi-Detected Blazars Boettcher, M.; Reimer, A.; Sweeney, K. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1304.0605	text	January 2013
Detection of significant cm to sub-mm band radio and gamma-ray correlated variability in Fermi bright blazars Fuhrmann, L.; Larsson, S.; Chiang, J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1403.4170	text	January 2014
Multi-wavelength study of flaring activity in BL Lac object S5 0716+714 during 2015 outburst Chandra, Sunil; Zhang, Haocheng; Kushwaha, Pankaj arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1507.06473	text	January 2015
First hard X-ray observations of the blazar S5 0716+714 with NuSTAR during a multiwavelength campaign Wierzcholska, Alicja; Siejkowski, Hubert arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.00630	text	January 2016
The RINGO2 and DIPOL Optical Polarisation Catalogue of Blazars Jermak, H.; Steele, I. A.; Lindfors, E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1608.08860	text	January 2016
Polarimetry and Photometry of Gamma-Ray Bursts with RINGO2 Steele, I. A.; Kopac, D.; Arnold, D. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.03974	text	January 2017
The BL Lac objects OQ 530 and S5 0716+714. Simultaneous observations in the X-rays, radio, optical and TeV bands Tagliaferri, G.; Ravasio, M.; Ghisellini, G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0301117	text	January 2003
Optical and radio behaviour of the BL Lacertae object 0716+714 Raiteri, C. M.; Villata, M.; Tosti, G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0302518	text	January 2003
On characterising the variability properties of X-ray light curves from active galaxies Vaughan, S.; Edelson, R.; Warwick, R. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0307420	text	January 2003
Polarization and structure of relativistic parsec-scale AGN jets Lyutikov, Maxim; Pariev, Vladimir I.; Gabuzda, Denise C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0406144	text	January 2004
Polarimetric Observations of 15 Active Galactic Nuclei at High Frequencies: Jet Kinematics from Bimonthly Monitoring with the Very Long Baseline Array Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.; Lister, Matthew L. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0502501	text	January 2005
The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections Kalberla, P. M. W.; Burton, W. B.; Hartmann, Dap arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0504140	text	January 2005
The Intra-Night Optical Variability of the bright BL Lac object S5 0716+714 Montagni, F.; Maselli, A.; Massaro, E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0512471	text	January 2005
Linking Resilience and Organizational Commitment: Does Happiness Matter? Paul, Happy Academy of Management Proceedings, Vol. 2017, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2017.11100abstract	journal	August 2017

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High-energy neutrino flux from individual blazar flares Oikonomou, Foteini; Murase, Kohta; Padovani, Paolo Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 489, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2246	journal	September 2019
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BL Lacertae objects: individual: S5 0716+714
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