Higher climatological temperature sensitivity of soil carbon in cold than warm climates

Koven, Charles D.; Hugelius, Gustaf; Lawrence, David M.; Wieder, William R.

doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE3421

Title: Higher climatological temperature sensitivity of soil carbon in cold than warm climates

Journal Article · Mon Oct 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Climate Change

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE3421· OSTI ID:1489154

^[1]; Hugelius, Gustaf ^[2]; Lawrence, David M. ^[3];

^[4]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Earth and Environmental Sciences Div.
Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Dept. of Physical Geography & Bolin Centre of Climate Research; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). School of Earth, Energy, and Environmental Sciences
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States). Climate & Global Dynamics Lab.
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO (United States). Climate & Global Dynamics Lab.; Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Inst. of Arctic & Alpine Research

The projected loss of soil carbon to the atmosphere resulting from climate change is a potentially large but highly uncertain feedback to warming. The magnitude of this feedback is poorly constrained by observations and theory, and is disparately represented in Earth system models (ESMs). To assess the climatological temperature sensitivity of soil carbon, we calculate apparent soil carbon turnover times that reflect long-term and broad-scale rates of decomposition. Here, we show that the climatological temperature control on carbon turnover in the top metre of global soils is more sensitive in cold climates than in warm climates and argue that it is critical to capture this emergent ecosystem property in global-scale models. We present a simplified model that explains the observed high cold-climate sensitivity using only the physical scaling of soil freeze–thaw state across climate gradients. Current ESMs fail to capture this pattern, except in an ESM that explicitly resolves vertical gradients in soil climate and carbon turnover. An observed weak tropical temperature sensitivity emerges in a different model that explicitly resolves mineralogical control on decomposition. These results support projections of strong carbon–climate feedbacks from northern soils and demonstrate a method for ESMs to capture this emergent behaviour.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; FC03-97ER62402; SC0014374

OSTI ID:: 1489154

Journal Information:: Nature Climate Change, Vol. 7, Issue 11; ISSN 1758-678X

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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