Even denominator fractional quantum Hall states in higher Landau levels of graphene

Kim, Youngwook; Balram, Ajit C.; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Jain, Jainendra K.; Smet, Jurgen H.

doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0355-x

Even denominator fractional quantum Hall states in higher Landau levels of graphene

Journal Article · Mon Nov 26 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Nature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0355-x· OSTI ID:1489119

Kim, Youngwook ^[1]; Balram, Ajit C. ^[2]; Taniguchi, Takashi ^[3]; ^[3]; Jain, Jainendra K. ^[4]; Smet, Jurgen H. ^[5]

Max Planck Inst. for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany). Solid State Nanophysics; Penn State University
Univ. of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark). Niels Bohr International Academy and the Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Inst.
National Inst. for Material Science, Tsukuba (Japan)
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Max Planck Inst. for Solid State Research, Stuttgart (Germany). Solid State Nanophysics

A remarkable development in the field of the fractional quantum Hall effect has been the proposal that the 5/2 state observed in the Landau level with orbital index n = 1 of two- dimensional electrons in a GaAs quantum well originates from a chiral p-wave paired state of composite fermions which are topological bound states of electrons and quantized vortices. This state is theoretically described by a “Pfaffian” wave function or its hole partner called the anti-Pfaffian, whose excitations are neither fermions nor bosons but Majorana quasiparticles obeying non-Abelian braid statistics. Here, this has inspired innovative ideas on fault-tolerant topological quantum computation and has also instigated a quest for other states with exotic quasi- particles. Here we report experiments on monolayer graphene that show clear evidence for unexpected even-denominator fractional quantum Hall physics in the n = 3 Landau level. We numerically investigate the known candidate states for even-denominator fractional quantum Hall effect, including the Pfaffian, the particle-hole symmetric Pfaffian, the 221-parton, and several valley / spin singlet states, and conclude that, among these, the 221-parton state is the most plausible candidate to explain the experimentally observed state. Like the Pfaffian, this state is also believed to harbour quasi-particles with non-Abelian braid statistics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0005042

OSTI ID:: 1489119

Journal Information:: Nature Physics, Journal Name: Nature Physics Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 15; ISSN 1745-2473

Publisher:: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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