Suppressing η-phase development in steel-cemented tungsten carbide: A spark plasma sintering study

Cahill, James T.; Kelly, James P.; Novitskaya, Ekaterina; McKee, Michael; Bahena, Joel A.; Graeve, Olivia A.

doi:10.1111/jace.15814

Suppressing η-phase development in steel-cemented tungsten carbide: A spark plasma sintering study

Journal Article · Thu Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Journal of the American Ceramic Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.15814· OSTI ID:1488769

Cahill, James T. ^[1]; Kelly, James P. ^[1]; Novitskaya, Ekaterina ^[2]; McKee, Michael ^[3]; Bahena, Joel A. ^[2]; ^[1]

Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Alfred Univ., NY (United States). Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering
Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Advanced Materials and Devices, Inc., Reno, NV (United States)

We describe the phase stability of a cemented tungsten carbide prepared using a high-vanadium tool steel as the cementing/binder phase and confirm suppression of (Fe, W)₆C η-phase formation, attributed to the preferential formation of a V_0.78W_0.22C_1-x phase that exists as islands within the Fe-rich binder matrix. The samples were prepared using spark plasma sintering (SPS), starting from commercially available WC and A11-LVC tool steel powders. The starting powders were ball milled adding 10, 15, and 20 vol.% steel. An A11-LVC tool steel was chosen as a low-cost hard steel (49 HRC) that does not contain Ni or Co but has a high vanadium (~9 wt.%) and carbon (~1.75 wt.%) content. Our results show that sintering by SPS can produce high-density (>98%) WC-steel specimens in which the matrix wets the WC grain surfaces and formation of the brittle η-phase is avoided. The η phase is often regarded as embrittling and undesirable, and its presence can result in degradation of mechanical properties. Microhardness values for the WC-10 and WC-15 vol.% steel samples were 12.3 ± 1.2 and 13.0 ± 0.9 GPa, respectively, whereas the fracture toughness values were 8.83 ± 0.48 and 8.81 ± 0.61 MPa·m^1/2, respectively.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1488769

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL--751653; 937352

Journal Information:: Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Ceramic Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 102; ISSN 0002-7820

Publisher:: American Ceramic SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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