Dark quark nuggets

Bai, Yang; Long, Andrew J.; Lu, Sida

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.99.055047

Title: Dark quark nuggets

Journal Article · Fri Mar 29 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physical Review. D.

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.055047· OSTI ID:1503927

Bai, Yang; Long, Andrew J.; Lu, Sida

“Dark quark nuggets,” a lump of dark quark matter, can be produced in the early universe for a wide range of confining gauge theories and serve as a macroscopic dark matter candidate. The two necessary conditions, a nonzero dark baryon number asymmetry and a first-order phase transition, can easily be satisfied for many asymmetric dark matter models and QCD-like gauge theories with a few massless flavors. For confinement scales from 10 keV to 100 TeV, these dark quark nuggets with a huge dark baryon number have their masses vary from 10²³ g to 10^–7 g and their radii from 10⁸ cm to 10^–15 cm. Such macroscopic dark matter candidates can be searched for by a broad scope of experiments and even new detection strategies. Specifically, we have found that the gravitational microlensing experiments can probe heavier dark quark nuggets or smaller confinement scales around 10 keV; collision of dark quark nuggets can generate detectable and transient electromagnetic radiation signals; the stochastic gravitational wave signals from the first-order phase transition can be probed by the pulsar timing array observations and other space-based interferometry experiments; the approximately massless dark mesons can behave as dark radiation to be tested by the next-generation cosmic microwave background experiments; the free dark baryons, as a subcomponent of dark matter, can have direct detection signals for a sufficiently strong interaction strength with the visible sector.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0017647; SC0007859; AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1503927

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1488602; OSTI ID: 1646645

Report Number(s):: arXiv:1810.04360; FERMILAB-PUB-18-600-T; PRVDAQ; 055047

Journal Information:: Physical Review. D., Journal Name: Physical Review. D. Vol. 99 Journal Issue: 5; ISSN 2470-0010

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 78 works

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