100 GW linear transformer driver cavity: Design, simulations, and performance
Here we present details of the design, simulation, and performance of a 100-GW linear transformer driver (LTD) cavity at Sandia National Laboratories. The cavity consists of 20 “bricks.” Each brick is comprised of two 80 nF, 100 kV capacitors connected electrically in series with a custom, 200 kV, three-electrode, field-distortion gas switch. The brick capacitors are bipolar charged to ±100 kV for a total switch voltage of 200 kV. Typical brick circuit parameters are 40 nF capacitance (two 80 nF capacitors in series) and 160 nH inductance. The switch electrodes are fabricated from a WCu alloy and are operated with breathable air. Over the course of 6,556 shots the cavity generated a peak electrical current and power of 1.03 MA (±1.8%) and 106 GW (±3.1%). Experimental results are consistent (to within uncertainties) with circuit simulations for normal operation, and expected failure modes including prefire and late-fire events. New features of this development that are reported here in detail include: (1) 100 ns, 1 MA, 100-GW output from a 2.2 m diameter LTD into a 0.1 Ω load, (2) high-impedance solid charging resistors that are optimized for this application, and (3) evaluation of maintenance-free trigger circuits using capacitive coupling and inductive isolation.
- Research Organization:
- Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 16-0870; 16-0912; NA0003525; AC04-94AL85000
- OSTI ID:
- 1484554
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1487418
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-2018-10283J; PRABCJ; 120401
- Journal Information:
- Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Journal Name: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Vol. 21 Journal Issue: 12; ISSN 2469-9888
- Publisher:
- American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Web of Science
Concepts for an affordable high current imploding plasma generator
|
conference | January 1999 |
100 ns current rise time LTD stage
|
conference | January 2001 |
A compact submicrosecond, high current generator
|
journal | August 2009 |
Status on the SPHINX machine based on the 1 microsecond LTD technology
|
conference | June 2007 |
Development and tests of fast 1-MA linear transformer driver stages
|
journal | May 2009 |
High current, 0.5-MA, fast, 100-ns, linear transformer driver experiments
|
journal | May 2009 |
Fast Discharge Energy Storage Development for Improving X-ray Simulators
|
conference | January 2002 |
Impedance-matched Marx generators
|
journal | April 2017 |
Z, ZX, and X-1: a realistic path to high fusion yield
|
conference | January 1999 |
ZX pulsed-power design
|
conference | January 1999 |
Trigger method based on internal bricks within cavities for Linear Transformer Drivers
|
conference | May 2015 |
A 216 cables synchronization trigger for linear transformer driver
|
conference | June 2014 |
Enhancements to the short pulse high intensity nanosecond X-radiator (SPHINX) pulsed power system
|
conference | May 2015 |
Millimeter-gap magnetically insulated transmission line power flow experiments
|
conference | May 2015 |
Primary energy storages based on linear transformer stages
|
journal | April 2003 |
Experimental Study on Synchronous Discharge of Ten Multigap Multichannel Gas Switches
|
journal | October 2009 |
Pulse generators based on air-insulated linear-transformer-driver stages
|
journal | May 2013 |
Development Of The Ultra-Fast LTD Stage
|
conference | January 2002 |
Fast discharge energy storage development for advanced X-ray simulators
|
journal | April 2005 |
Temporally shaped current pulses on a two-cavity linear transformer driver system
|
conference | June 2011 |
A new triggering technology based on inductive transformer for linear transformer driver (LTD) switches
|
journal | August 2013 |
Lifetime of the HCEI spark gap switch for linear transformer drivers
|
conference | May 2015 |
High-Current Linear Transformer Driver Development at Sandia National Laboratories
|
journal | April 2010 |
Pulse power for future and past X-ray simulators
|
journal | October 2002 |
Shaping the output pulse of a linear-transformer-driver module
|
journal | March 2009 |
Fast Marx Generator development for PRS drivers
|
conference | January 2001 |
Comparison of trigger requirements for gas switches for linear transformer drivers
|
conference | June 2014 |
Ultrafast LTD's for bremsstrahlung diodes and Z-pinches
|
conference | January 2001 |
Architecture of petawatt-class -pinch accelerators
|
journal | March 2007 |
Pulse power for future X-ray simulators
|
conference | January 2001 |
Conceptual design of a 15-TW pulsed-power accelerator for high-energy-density–physics experiments
|
journal | July 2017 |
Experimental validation of the first 1-MA water-insulated MYKONOS LTD voltage adder
|
conference | June 2011 |
Magnetically Driven Implosions for Inertial Confinement Fusion at Sandia National Laboratories
|
journal | December 2012 |
Conceptual design of a -W pulsed-power accelerator for megajoule-class dynamic-material-physics experiments
|
journal | July 2016 |
Experiments with the 0.6-MA LTD-III accelerator cavity
|
conference | May 2010 |
Current Transmission Efficiency for Conical Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line on a 1.0-MV Linear Transformer Driver System
|
journal | August 2015 |
Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) research for radiographic applications
|
conference | June 2011 |
Theoretical -pinch scaling relations for thermonuclear-fusion experiments
|
journal | August 2005 |
Capacitor units with air insulation for linear transformers
|
journal | November 2009 |
Conceptual designs of two petawatt-class pulsed-power accelerators for high-energy-density-physics experiments
|
journal | November 2015 |
Conceptual design of a 960-TW accelerator powered by impedance-matched Marx generators
|
conference | June 2017 |
Scaling magnetized liner inertial fusion on Z and future pulsed-power accelerators
|
journal | February 2016 |
Experimental Study on Multigap Multichannel Gas Spark Closing Switch for LTD
|
journal | July 2009 |
Transmission line and electromagnetic models of the Mykonos-2 accelerator
|
conference | June 2011 |
Design of a 5-MA 100-ns linear-transformer-driver accelerator for wire array Z-pinch experiments
|
journal | March 2016 |
Comparison of Gas Spark Switch Trigger Methods Through Resistor and Inductor for FLTD
|
journal | January 2019 |
Optimization of switch diagnostics on the MAIZE linear transformer driver
|
journal | December 2019 |
Similar Records
Scaling pulser output parameters for standard and dry brick configurations
Recyclable transmission line (RTL) and linear transformer driver (LTD) development for Z-pinch inertial fusion energy (Z-IFE) and high yield.