Argonne Below Ground Model Part I: Material Transport and Dispersion
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
On March 20, 1995, members of the Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo released the nerve agent sarin onboard trains in the Tokyo subway, killing 12 people and injuring many more(Smithson and Levy 2000). Although evidence of the vulnerability of subways to a biological attack had existed for decades (U.S. Army 1966), the Tokyo attack focused public attention for the first time on the potential threat posed by chemical and biological agents to millions of daily subway riders. Several successful and unsuccessful attacks on subways around the world since then—combined with the 9/11 attacks in the United States—have further heightened concerns and demonstrated the need for informed response planning and preparation.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- U. S. Department of Homeland Security; USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1483847
- Report Number(s):
- ANL/DIS--14/12; 147230
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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