A review of recent research on nonequilibrium solid solution behavior in LiXFePO4 [A review of nonequilibrium solid solution in LiXFePO4]

Li, Yiyang

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2018.05.026

A review of recent research on nonequilibrium solid solution behavior in Li_XFePO₄ [A review of nonequilibrium solid solution in Li_XFePO₄]

Journal Article · Fri Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Solid State Ionics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2018.05.026· OSTI ID:1477467

Li, Yiyang ^[1]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Li_XFePO₄ (0 < X < 1) is one of the most well-studied cathode battery materials and is notable for its large miscibility gap. Although its phase-separating behaviors under equilibrium conditions have been well documented, recent research has shown that phase separation is suppressed at elevated rates of lithium insertion and removal. Specifically, Li_XFePO₄ exhibits a nonequilibrium solid solution behavior at elevated cycling rates. This article reviews recent research on nonequilibrium solid solution in Li_XFePO₄; these insights have been largely enabled by operando characterization techniques. As a result, such studies have not only unambiguously confirmed the existence of this solid solution, but also show how surface reaction and diffusion kinetics ultimately affect phase separation and other spatially nonuniform lithiation and delithiation behavior.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 1477467

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1582957

Report Number(s):: SAND--2018-2020J; 660930

Journal Information:: Solid State Ionics, Journal Name: Solid State Ionics Journal Issue: C Vol. 323; ISSN 0167-2738

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
LiFePO4
Operando characterization
Phase transformation
Solid solution