Review of the impacts of leaking CO2 gas and brine on groundwater quality

Qafoku, Nikolla P.; Lawter, Amanda R.; Bacon, Diana H.; Zheng, Liange; Kyle, Jennifer; Brown, Christopher F.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.04.010

Review of the impacts of leaking CO₂ gas and brine on groundwater quality

Journal Article · Tue Apr 25 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Earth-Science Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.04.010· OSTI ID:1476499

Qafoku, Nikolla P. ^[1]; Lawter, Amanda R. ^[1]; Bacon, Diana H. ^[1]; Zheng, Liange ^[2]; Kyle, Jennifer ^[1]; Brown, Christopher F. ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

This paper provides an overview of the existing data and knowledge presented in recent literature about the potential leaking of CO₂ from the deep subsurface storage reservoirs and the effects on groundwater quality. The objectives are to: 1) present data and discuss potential risks associated with the groundwater quality degradation due to CO₂ gas and brine exposure; 2) identify the set of geochemical data required to develop models to assess and predict aquifer responses to CO₂ and brine leakage; and 3) present a summary of the findings and reveal future trends in this important and expanding research area. The discussion is focused around aquifer responses to CO₂ gas and brine exposure and the degree of impact; major hydrogeological and geochemical processes and site-specific properties known to control aquifer quality under CO₂ exposure conditions; contributions from the deep reservoirs (plume characteristics and composition); and the possibility of establishment of a new network of reactions and processes affecting or controlling the overall mobility of major, minor, and trace elements and the fate of the elements released from sediments or transported with brine. Here this article also includes a discussion on the development of conceptual and reduced order models (ROMs) to describe and predict aquifer responses and whether or not the release of metals following exposure to CO₂ is harmful, which are an essential tool for CO₂ sequestration related risk assessment. Future research needs in this area are also included at the end of the paper.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1476499

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1413351
OSTI ID: 1358496

Journal Information:: Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Name: Earth-Science Reviews Journal Issue: C Vol. 169; ISSN 0012-8252

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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