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Title: Ladderane phospholipids form a densely packed membrane with normal hydrazine and anomalously low proton/hydroxide permeability

Journal Article · · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
 [1];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1]
  1. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
  2. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL)

Ladderane lipids are unique to anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria and are enriched in the membrane of the anammoxosome, an organelle thought to compartmentalize the anammox process, which involves the toxic intermediate hydrazine (N2H4). Due to the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and difficulty of isolating pure ladderane lipids, experimental evidence of the biological function of ladderanes is lacking. We have synthesized two natural and one unnatural ladderane phosphatidylcholine lipids and compared their thermotropic properties in self-assembled bilayers to distinguish between [3]- and [5]-ladderane function. We then developed a hydrazine transmembrane diffusion assay using a water-soluble derivative of a hydrazine sensor and determined that ladderane membranes are as permeable to hydrazine as straight-chain lipid bilayers. However, pH equilibration across ladderane membranes occurs 5–10 times more slowly than across straight-chain lipid membranes. Langmuir monolayer analysis and the rates of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching suggest that dense ladderane packing may preclude formation of proton/hydroxide-conducting water wires. These data support the hypothesis that ladderanes prevent the breakdown of the proton motive force rather than blocking hydrazine transmembrane diffusion in anammox bacteria.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; GM069630; GM118044; P41GM103393; ECCS-1542152
OSTI ID:
1476321
Journal Information:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 115, Issue 37; ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 37 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (12)

Lessons in Strain and Stability: Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐[5]‐Ladderanoic Acid journal November 2019
Lessons in Strain and Stability: Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-[5]-Ladderanoic Acid journal November 2019
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation in marine environments: contribution to biogeochemical cycles and biotechnological developments for wastewater treatment journal January 2019
The Discovery of Twenty-Eight New Encapsulin Sequences, Including Three in Anammox Bacteria journal December 2019
Photodriven solid-state multiple [2 + 2] cycloaddition strategies for the construction of polycyclobutane derivatives journal January 2019
An effective reagent to functionalize alcohols with phosphocholine journal January 2020
Recent advances in the total synthesis of cyclobutane-containing natural products journal January 2020
The microbial exometabolome: ecological resource and architect of microbial communities journal March 2020
Performance of Anammox Processes for Wastewater Treatment: A Critical Review on Effects of Operational Conditions and Environmental Stresses journal December 2019
Membrane constriction and thinning by sequential ESCRT-III polymerization journal April 2020
Quantitative three-dimensional nondestructive imaging of whole anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria journal April 2020
Membrane Constriction and Thinning by Sequential ESCRT-III Polymerization journal February 2020