skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Highly Stable, Ultrasmall Polymer-Grafted Nanobins (usPGNs) with Stimuli-Responsive Capability

Journal Article · · Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

In this work, highly stable and stimuli/pH-responsive ultrasmall polymer-grafted nanobins (usPGNs) have been developed by grafting a small amount (10 mol %) of short (4.3 kDa) cholesterol-terminated poly(acrylic acid) (Chol-PAA) into an ultrasmall unilamellar vesicle (uSUV). The usPGNs are stable against fusion and aggregation over several weeks, exhibiting over 10-fold enhanced cargo retention in biologically relevant media at pH 7.4 in comparison with the parent uSUV template. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations confirm that the presence of the cholesterol moiety can greatly stabilize the lipid bilayer. They also show extended PAA chain conformations that can be interpreted as causing repulsion between colloidal particles, thus stabilizing them against fusion. Notably, CGMD predicted a clustering of the Chol-PAA chains on the lipid bilayer under acidic conditions due to intra- and interchain hydrogen bonding, leading to the destabilization of local membrane areas. This explains the experimental observation that usPGNs can be triggered to release a significant amount of cargo upon acidification to pH 5. These developments put the lipid-bilayer-embedded Chol-PAA in stark contrast with traditional poly(acrylic acid) systems where the molar mass (Mn) of the polymer chains must exceed 16.5 kDa to achieve stimuli-responsive changes in conformation. They also distinguish the small usPGNs from the much-larger polymer-caged nanobin platform where the Chol-PAA chains must be covalently cross-linked to engender stimuli-responsive behaviors.

Research Organization:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science (CBES); Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0000989; U54CA199091; C54CA151880; U01CA151461; P30CA060553; T32GM008382; EEC-0647560; DMR-1121262
OSTI ID:
1470568
Journal Information:
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 9, Issue 5; Related Information: CBES partners with Northwestern University (lead); Harvard University; New York University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Michigan; University of Pittsburgh; ISSN 1948-7185
Publisher:
American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 3 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (41)

New Developments in Liposomal Drug Delivery journal April 2015
Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications journal February 2013
Self-assembly of size-controlled liposomes on DNA nanotemplates journal March 2016
Programmable Assembly of DNA-Functionalized Liposomes by DNA journal January 2011
Controlled Fusion of Synthetic Lipid Membrane Vesicles journal January 2013
Immunomodulatory spherical nucleic acids journal March 2015
Smart Nanoscale Drug Delivery Platforms from Stimuli-Responsive Polymers and Liposomes journal November 2013
Liposomal Spherical Nucleic Acids journal July 2014
Liposomes and their applications in molecular imaging journal March 2012
Modular Polymer-Caged Nanobins as a Theranostic Platform with Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Relaxivity and pH-Responsive Drug Release journal November 2010
pH-Responsive Theranostic Polymer-Caged Nanobins: Enhanced Cytotoxicity and T 1 MRI Contrast by Her2 Targeting journal July 2013
Investigating the optimal size of anticancer nanomedicine journal October 2014
Accumulation of sub-100 nm polymeric micelles in poorly permeable tumours depends on size journal October 2011
The effect of nanoparticle size on the ability to cross the blood–brain barrier: an in vivo study journal July 2017
In vitro permeation of gold nanoparticles through rat skin and rat intestine: Effect of particle size journal August 2008
Exploiting lymphatic transport and complement activation in nanoparticle vaccines journal September 2007
Phospholipid vesicle fusion and drug loading: temperature, solute and cholesterol effects, and, a rapid preparation for solute-loaded vesicles journal August 1985
Fusion of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles journal August 1980
Spontaneous fusion of phosphatidylcholine small unilamellar vesicles in the fluid phase journal August 1987
Size-Dependent Properties of Small Unilamellar Vesicles Formed by Model Lipids journal December 2011
Fusion of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles at 4.degree.C journal August 1982
N-Palmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine stabilizes liposomes in the presence of human serum: effect of lipidic composition and system characterization journal May 1995
Stabilization of Soft Lipid Colloids: Competing Effects of Nanoparticle Decoration and Supported Lipid Bilayer Formation journal March 2011
Polymer-Caged Lipsomes:  A pH-Responsive Delivery System with High Stability journal December 2007
“Clickable” Polymer-Caged Nanobins as a Modular Drug Delivery Platform journal June 2009
New-concept chemotherapy by nanoparticles of biodegradable polymers: where are we now? journal October 2006
Stability and Electrostatics of Mercaptoundecanoic Acid-Capped Gold Nanoparticles with Varying Counterion Size journal October 2006
Recent advances with liposomes as pharmaceutical carriers journal February 2005
PEGylation as a strategy for improving nanoparticle-based drug and gene delivery journal April 2016
Kinetics of Lipid Rearrangements during Poly(ethylene glycol)-Mediated Fusion of Highly Curved Unilamellar Vesicles journal December 2001
Effect of Increase in Orientational Order of Lipid Chains and Head Group Spacing on Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Induced Membrane Fusion journal December 2010
The pH-responsive behaviour of poly(acrylic acid) in aqueous solution is dependent on molar mass journal January 2016
Structure and swelling of poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels: effect of pH, ionic strength, and dilution on the crosslinked polymer structure journal March 2004
Injectable Block Copolymer Hydrogels: Achievements and Future Challenges for Biomedical Applications journal September 2011
The MARTINI Force Field:  Coarse Grained Model for Biomolecular Simulations journal July 2007
Curvature effects on lipid packing and dynamics in liposomes revealed by coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations journal January 2009
Release of content through mechano-sensitive gates in pressurized liposomes journal November 2010
Molecular dynamics simulations of lipid membranes with lateral force: Rupture and dynamic properties journal March 2014
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrophilic Pores in Lipid Bilayers journal April 2004
Polymer-Caged Nanobins for Synergistic Cisplatin−Doxorubicin Combination Chemotherapy journal December 2010
Triggered Release of Pharmacophores from [Ni(HAsO 3 )]-Loaded Polymer-Caged Nanobin Enhances Pro-apoptotic Activity: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study journal April 2011

Cited By (2)

Atherosclerosis Treatment with Stimuli‐Responsive Nanoagents: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives journal April 2019
Atherosclerosis Treatment with Stimuli-Responsive Nanoagents: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. text January 2019