A Study of the Physical Properties of Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes Containing Esters

Logan, E. R.; Tonita, Erin M.; Gering, K. L.; Li, Jing; Ma, Xiaowei; Beaulieu, L. Y.; Dahn, J. R.

doi:10.1149/2.0271802jes

A Study of the Physical Properties of Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes Containing Esters

Journal Article · Wed Jan 03 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0271802jes· OSTI ID:1469344

Logan, E. R. ^[1]; Tonita, Erin M. ^[1]; Gering, K. L. ^[2]; Li, Jing ^[1]; Ma, Xiaowei ^[1]; Beaulieu, L. Y. ^[3]; Dahn, J. R. ^[1]

Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Nova Scotia (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Atmospheric Science
Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
Memorial Univ., St. John’s, Newfoundland (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Physical Oceanography

Adding esters as co-solvents to Li-ion battery electrolytes can improve low-temperature performance and rate capability of cells. This work uses viscosity and electrolytic conductivity measurements to evaluate electrolytes containing various ester co-solvents, and their suitability for use in high-rate applications is probed. Among the esters studied, methyl acetate (MA) outperforms other esters in its impact on the conductivity and viscosity of the electrolyte. Therefore, viscosity and conductivity were measured as a function of temperature and LiPF₆ concentration for electrolytes ethylene carbonate (EC): linear carbonate: MA in the ratio 30:(70-x):x, where linear carbonate = {ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC)}, and x = {0, 10, 20, 30}. Adding MA leads to an increase in conductivity and decrease in viscosity over all conditions. Calculations of electrolyte properties from a model based on a statistical-mechanical framework, the Advanced Electrolyte Model (AEM), are compared to all measurements and excellent agreement is found. All electrolytes studied roughly agree with a Stokes’ Law model of conductivity. In conclusion, a Walden analysis shows that the ionicity of the electrolyte is not significantly impacted by either MA content or LiPF₆ concentration. Li[Ni_0.5Mn_0.3Co_0.2]O₂/graphite cells containing MA were cycled at charging rates up to 2C and showed improved cycling performance.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Tesla Canada; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC07-05ID14517

OSTI ID:: 1469344

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 165; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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