Understanding Lignin Fractionation and Characterization from Engineered Switchgrass Treated by an Aqueous Ionic Liquid

Liu, Enshi; Li, Mi; Das, Lalitendu; Pu, Yunqiao; Frazier, Taylor; Zhao, Bingyu; Crocker, Mark; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Shi, Jian

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00384

Title: Understanding Lignin Fractionation and Characterization from Engineered Switchgrass Treated by an Aqueous Ionic Liquid

Journal Article · Fri Mar 16 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00384· OSTI ID:1468147

Liu, Enshi ^[1]; Li, Mi ^[2]; Das, Lalitendu ^[1]; Pu, Yunqiao ^[2]; Frazier, Taylor ^[3]; Zhao, Bingyu ^[3]; Crocker, Mark ^[4];

^[5];

^[1]

Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States). Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Joint Inst. of Biological Science. Center for BioEnergy Innovation. Biosciences Division
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Horticulture
Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States). Center for Applied Energy Research. Dept. of Chemistry
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Joint Inst. of Biological Science. Center for BioEnergy Innovation. Biosciences Division; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering. Center for Renewable Carbon. Dept. of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries

Aqueous ionic liquids (ILs) have received increasing interest because of their high efficacy in fractionating and pretreating lignocellulosic biomass while at the same time mitigating several challenges associated with IL pretreatment such as IL viscosity, gel formation during pretreatment, and the energy consumption and costs associated with IL recycling. This paper investigated the fate of lignin, its structural and compositional changes, and the impact of lignin modification on the deconstruction of cell wall compounds during aqueous IL (10% w/w cholinium lysinate) pretreatment of wild-type and engineered switchgrass. The 4CL genotype resulting from silencing of 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase gene (Pv4CL1) had a lower lignin content, relatively higher amount of hydroxycinnamates, and higher S/G ratio and appeared to be less recalcitrant to IL pretreatment likely due to the lower degree of lignin branching and more readily lignin solubilization. The results further demonstrated over 80% of lignin dissolution from switchgrass into the liquid fraction under mild conditions while the remaining solids were highly digestible by cellulases. The soluble lignin underwent partial depolymerization to a molecular weight around 500–1000 Da. ¹H–¹³C HSQC NMR results demonstrated that the variations in lignin compositions led to different modes of lignin dissolution and depolymerization during pretreatment of engineered switchgrass. Finally, these results provide insights into the impact of lignin manipulation on biomass fractionation and lignin depolymerization and lead to possible ways toward developing a more selective and efficient lignin valorization process based on aqueous IL pretreatment technology.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDA National Inst. of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech) (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; 1355438; 1632854; 2011-67009-30133; VA135872

OSTI ID:: 1468147

Journal Information:: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 5; ISSN 2168-0485

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 43 works

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Title: Understanding Lignin Fractionation and Characterization from Engineered Switchgrass Treated by an Aqueous Ionic Liquid

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