Mach-Zehnder interferometry using spin- and valley-polarized quantum Hall edge states in graphene

Wei, Di S.; van der Sar, Toeno; Sanchez-Yamagishi, Javier D.; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo; Halperin, Bertrand I.; Yacoby, Amir

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700600

Title: Mach-Zehnder interferometry using spin- and valley-polarized quantum Hall edge states in graphene

Journal Article · Fri Aug 18 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700600· OSTI ID:1463899

Wei, Di S. ^[1];

^[2];

^[3];

^[4]; Taniguchi, Takashi ^[4]; Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo ^[5];

^[2];

^[6]

Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
National Inst. for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan). Advanced Materials Lab.
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics

Confined to a two-dimensional plane, electrons in a strong magnetic field travel along the edge in one-dimensional quantum Hall channels that are protected against backscattering. These channels can be used as solid-state analogs of monochromatic beams of light, providing a unique platform for studying electron interference. Electron interferometry is regarded as one of the most promising routes for studying fractional and non-Abelian statistics and quantum entanglement via two-particle interference. However, creating an edge-channel interferometer in which electron-electron interactions play an important role requires a clean system and long phase coherence lengths. We realize electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometers with record visibilities of up to 98% using spin- and valley-polarized edge channels that copropagate along a pn junction in graphene. We find that interchannel scattering between same-spin edge channels along the physical graphene edge can be used to form beamsplitters, whereas the absence of interchannel scattering along gate-defined interfaces can be used to form isolated interferometer arms. Surprisingly, our interferometer is robust to dephasing effects at energies an order of magnitude larger than those observed in pioneering experiments on GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. Lastly, our results shed light on the nature of edge-channel equilibration and open up new possibilities for studying exotic electron statistics and quantum phenomena.

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Research Organization:: Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001819; DGE1144152; DMR-1231319; JP26248061; JP15K21722; JP25106006

OSTI ID:: 1463899

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 8; ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 61 works

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