Spiraling pathways of global deep waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean

Tamsitt, Veronica; Drake, Henri F.; Morrison, Adele K.; Talley, Lynne D.; Dufour, Carolina O.; Gray, Alison R.; Griffies, Stephen M.; Mazloff, Matthew R.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Wang, Jinbo; Weijer, Wilbert

doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00197-0

Spiraling pathways of global deep waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean

Journal Article · Wed Aug 02 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00197-0· OSTI ID:1463556

^[1]; ^[2]; Morrison, Adele K. ^[3]; ^[1]; Dufour, Carolina O. ^[4]; ^[4]; Griffies, Stephen M. ^[5]; Mazloff, Matthew R. ^[1]; Sarmiento, Jorge L. ^[4]; Wang, Jinbo ^[6]; ^[7]

Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States). Scripps Inst. of Oceanography
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst. Joint Program in Oceanography, Cambridge, MA (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); Australian National Univ., Canberra, ACT (Australia)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab., Princeton, NJ (United States)
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), La Canada Flintridge, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Upwelling of global deep waters to the sea surface in the Southern Ocean closes the global overturning circulation and is fundamentally important for oceanic uptake of carbon and heat, nutrient resupply for sustaining oceanic biological production, and the melt rate of ice shelves. However, the exact pathways and role of topography in Southern Ocean upwelling remain largely unknown. Here in this paper we show detailed upwelling pathways in three dimensions, using hydrographic observations and particle tracking in high-resolution models. The analysis reveals that the northern-sourced deep waters enter the Antarctic Circumpolar Current via southward flow along the boundaries of the three ocean basins, before spiraling southeastward and upward through the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Upwelling is greatly enhanced at five major topographic features, associated with vigorous mesoscale eddy activity. Deep water reaches the upper ocean predominantly south of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, with a spatially nonuniform distribution. The timescale for half of the deep water to upwell from 30° S to the mixed layer is ~60–90 years.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1463556

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--18-21357

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 8; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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