Substitutional Growth of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites in Alcohols

Acik, Muge; Alam, Todd M.; Guo, Fangmin; Ren, Yang; Lee, Byeongdu; Rosenberg, Richard A.; Mitchell, John F.; Park, In Kee; Lee, Geunsik; Darling, Seth B.

doi:10.1002/aenm.201701726

Title: Substitutional Growth of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites in Alcohols

Journal Article · Fri Sep 29 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201701726· OSTI ID:1459869

Acik, Muge ^[1]; Alam, Todd M. ^[2]; Guo, Fangmin ^[3]; Ren, Yang ^[3]; Lee, Byeongdu ^[3]; Rosenberg, Richard A. ^[3]; Mitchell, John F. ^[4]; Park, In Kee ^[5]; Lee, Geunsik ^[5]; Darling, Seth B. ^[6]

Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont IL 60439 USA
Department of Organic Materials Science, Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque NM 87185 USA
Advanced Photon Source, X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont IL 60439 USA
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont IL 60439 USA
Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919 South Korea
Center for Nanoscale Materials, Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont IL 60439 USA; Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA

Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbIx) perovskites are organic-inorganic semiconductors that serve as the light-harvesting component in photovoltaic devices. Their long carrier diffusion lengths yield power conversion efficiencies in excess of 22%. Conventional growth techniques apply spin-coated precursors on an oxide or polymer substrate followed by annealing; however, use of toxic solvents and high temperature hinder device stability and performance. Through a nucleophilic substitutional growth of MAPbIx in polar protic alcohols, we show evidence for their substrate- and annealing- free production. These variable-sized crystals (~100 nm-10 µm) are found to be tetragonally single-phased in alcohols, and precipitated as powders that are metallic-lead-free with a negligibly small amount of unreacted PbI2 (<10%). On the basis of this chemical approach, we obtain chemically stable MAPbIx in air up to ~1.5 months with thermal stability at ≤300°C. This method is amendable for large-area deposition, large-scale manufacturing, and ultimately leads to energy-efficient, low-cost, and stable optoelectronics.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science - Office of Basic Energy Sciences - Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1459869

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 5; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: Wiley

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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