Heterogeneous to homogeneous melting transition visualized with ultrafast electron diffraction

Mo, M. Z.; Chen, Z.; Li, R. K.; Dunning, M.; Witte, B. B.  L.; Baldwin, J. K.; Fletcher, L. B.; Kim, J. B.; Ng, A.; Redmer, R.; Reid, A. H.; Shekhar, P.; Shen, X. Z.; Shen, M.; Sokolowski-Tinten, K.; Tsui, Y. Y.; Wang, Y. Q.; Zheng, Q.; Wang, X. J.; Glenzer, S. H.

doi:10.1126/science.aar2058

Title: Heterogeneous to homogeneous melting transition visualized with ultrafast electron diffraction

Journal Article · Fri Jun 29 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar2058· OSTI ID:1459842

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SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Univ. of Rostock (Germany). Inst. of Physics
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Univ. of Rostock (Germany). Inst. of Physics
Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB (Canada). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg (Germany). Faculty of Physics. Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen

The ultrafast laser excitation of matters leads to nonequilibrium states with complex solid-liquid phase-transition dynamics. In this paper, we used electron diffraction at mega–electron volt energies to visualize the ultrafast melting of gold on the atomic scale length. For energy densities approaching the irreversible melting regime, we first observed heterogeneous melting on time scales of 100 to 1000 picoseconds, transitioning to homogeneous melting that occurs catastrophically within 10 to 20 picoseconds at higher energy densities. We showed evidence for the heterogeneous coexistence of solid and liquid. We determined the ion and electron temperature evolution and found superheated conditions. Finally, our results constrain the electron-ion coupling rate, determine the Debye temperature, and reveal the melting sensitivity to nucleation seeds.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); German Research Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1459842

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-18-23801

Journal Information:: Science, Vol. 360, Issue 6396; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 99 works

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